欲望号街车

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欲望号街车

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A Streetcar Named Desire
类型: 话剧
导演: Herbert Machiz / 未知 / Edward Hall / Steven McCasland / Benedict Andrews
编剧: Tennessee Williams / 田纳西•威廉斯(Tennessee Williams)
演员: Rosemary Harris / James Farentino / Patricia Conolly / Alec Baldwin / Jessica Lange

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A Streetcar Named Desire

简介

Blanche DuBois is a fading, but still-attractive, Southern belle whose pretensions to virtue and culture only thinly mask alcoholism and delusions of grandeur. Her poise is an illusion she presents to shield others (but most of all, herself) from her reality, and an attempt to make herself still attractive to new male suitors. Blanche arrives at the apartment of her sister Stella Kowalski in the Faubourg Marigny neighborhood of New Orleans, on Elysian Fields Avenue; the local transportation that she takes to arrive there includes a streetcar route named "Desire." The steamy, urban ambiance is a shock to Blanche's nerves. Stella, who fears the reaction of her husband Stanley, welcomes Blanche with some trepidation. As Blanche explains that their ancestral Southern plantation, Belle Reve in Laurel, Mississippi, has been "lost" due to the "epic fornications" of their ancestors, her veneer of self-possession begins to slip drastically. Blanche tells Stella that her supervisor allowed her to take time off from her job as an English teacher because of her upset nerves, when in fact, she has been fired for having an affair with a 17-year-old student. This turns out not to be the only seduction in which she has engaged, and, along with other problems, has led her to escape Laurel. A brief marriage marred by the discovery that her husband, Allan Grey, was having a homosexual affair and his subsequent suicide has led Blanche to withdraw into a world in which fantasies and illusions blend seamlessly with reality.
In contrast to both the self-effacing and deferential Stella and the pretentious refinement of Blanche, Stella's husband, Stanley Kowalski, is a force of nature: primal, rough-hewn, brutish, and sensual. He dominates Stella in every way and is physically and emotionally abusive.[1] Stella tolerates his primal behavior as this is part of what attracted her in the first place; their love and relationship are heavily based on powerful—even animal-like—sexual chemistry, something that Blanche finds impossible to understand.
The arrival of Blanche upsets her sister and brother-in-law's system of mutual dependence. Stella's concern for her sister's well-being emboldens Blanche to hold court in the Kowalski apartment, infuriating Stanley and leading to conflict in his relationship with his wife. Blanche and Stanley are on a collision course, and Stanley's friend and Blanche's would-be suitor, Harold "Mitch" Mitchell,gets trampled in their path. Stanley discovers Blanche's past through a co-worker who travels to Laurel frequently, and he confronts her with the things that she has been trying to put behind her, partly out of concern that her character flaws may be damaging to the lives of those in her new home, just as they were in Laurel, and partly out of a distaste for her pretense in general. However, his attempts to "unmask" her are predictably cruel and violent. In their final confrontation, it is implied that Stanley rapes Blanche, resulting in her nervous breakdown. Stanley has her committed to a mental institution, and in the closing moments, Blanche utters her signature line to the kindly doctor who leads her away: "Whoever you are, I have always depended on the kindness of strangers."
The reference to the streetcar named Desire—providing the aura of New Orleans geography—is symbolic. Blanche not only has to travel on a streetcar route named "Desire" to reach Stella's home on "Elysian Fields" but her desire acts as an irrepressible force throughout the play—she can only hang on as her desires lead her.
The character of Blanche is thought to be based on Williams' sister Rose Williams who struggled with her mental health and became incapacitated after a lobotomy.

上演
欲望号街车 1956年版
Coconut Grove Playhouse
导演: Herbert Machiz 编剧: Tennessee Williams
欲望号街车 1973年版
Vivian Beaumont Theatre
导演: 未知 编剧: Tennessee Williams 演员: Rosemary Harris / James Farentino / Patricia Conolly
欲望号街车 1992年版
Ethel Barrymore Theatre
导演: 未知 编剧: Tennessee Williams 演员: Alec Baldwin / Jessica Lange
欲望号街车 2005年版
导演: Edward Hall 编剧: Tennessee Williams 演员: John C. Reilly / Amy Ryan / Natasha Richardson
欲望号街车 2009年版
导演: Steven McCasland 编剧: Tennessee Williams 演员: Lisa Lamothe / Stephon O'Neal Pettway / Jasmine Clayton
欲望号街车 2016年上话版
上海话剧艺术中心 普通话
导演: 王欢 编剧: 田纳西•威廉斯(Tennessee Williams) 演员: 徐漫蔓 / 刘炫锐 / 朱梓溶 / 郭林
欲望号街车 Everyman Theatre 25th Anniversary版
导演: Derek Goldman 编剧: Tennessee Williams 演员: Danny Gavigan (as Stanley Kowalski) / Megan Anderson (as Stella Kowalski) / Beth Hylton (as Blanche DuBois) / Chris Genebach (as Harold Mitchell)
欲望号街车 1947 Original Broadway production版
1947-12-03 ~ 1947-12-1949 Ethel Barrymore Theatre
导演: Elia Kazan 编剧: Tennessee Williams 演员: Jessica Tandy (as Blanche DuBois) / Marlon Brando (as Stanley Kowalski) / Kim Hunter (as Stella Kowalski) / Karl Malden (as Harold "Mitch" Mitchell)
欲望号街车 2014年Young Vic版
2014-07-23 Young Vic
导演: Benedict Andrews 编剧: Tennessee Williams 演员: Gillian Anderson (as Blanche DuBois) / Ben Foster (as Stanley Kowalski) / Vanessa Kirby (as Stella Kowalski)
欲望号街车 版本10
2014-11-23 圣彼得堡米罗诺夫剧院 圣彼得堡米罗诺夫剧院 俄语
导演: Vlad Furman 编剧: Tennessee Williams
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