逻辑经验主义
Rudolf Carnap: Early Writings
Douban
Rudolf Carnap publishing house: Oxford University Press 2019 - 9
Rudolf Carnap (1891-1970) is generally acknowledged to have been one of the central figures of twentieth-century philosophy. He was the leading philosopher of the Vienna Circle, a group that was central to the international movement known as logical empiricism, which pursued the goal of making philosophy scientific and eliminating metaphysics that went beyond the limits of what humans can coherently comprehend. Carnap was not only well-versed in this area of thought but also contrary ideas; he interacted philosophically with Gottlob Frege, Bertrand Russell, Ludwig Wittgenstein, Edmund Husserl, and Martin Heidegger, and in his formative years he was influenced by the positivists Mach and Ostwald, neo-Kantians such as Cassirer and Natorp, and Husserl's phenomenology. Interest in logical empiricism waned in the decades following Carnap's death but was revived towards the end of the twentieth century; the wave of new scholarship that resulted identified Carnap as far more subtle and interesting than was previously understood. The complete fourteen-volume edition of Carnap's published writings builds upon these more recent interpretations of his philosophy. This first book contains Carnap's early publications up until 1928, none of which have previously been translated from their original German. The introduction and notes place the text in the relevant scientific and historical contexts, in addition to explaining obscure references or outdated notation and terminology. Carnap's neo-Kantian origins are more obvious in these works than in his later writings, and the overall figure which emerges from this volume is a very different Carnap to the caricature that many philosophers will know.
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April 2, 2022
Carnap’s utopian conception of the role of knowledge and ideas in society is represented, in the published writings of this period, only by a brief review article, “League of Nations — League of States?” (1918a), in a political newsletter that appeared irregularly during the German revolution and in the closing weeks of the war.
逻辑经验主义 哲学
新实证主义
Douban
哈勒 translator: 韩林合 publishing house: 商务印书馆 1998 - 1
本书的总体设想发生了如是变化,在期中也就无法照顾到该哲学运动的广阔文化、社会、经济和政治背景了,也不可能对“维也纳学派”(维特根斯坦是这样称呼石里克学圈的)的“学生辈”和核心成员的贡献进行相应的介绍了,甚至仅仅提及这点也是不可能的。按照以前的一种设想,应该还有十章的篇幅专门做这个迫切需要做的工作。这样本来就已经扩充了的篇幅还得更进一步扩大。此外,我还必须作出另一个限制:本书描述的时间跨度原来找算延长到五和六十年代,比如,包括移居到美的哲学家卡尔纳普、费格尔、亨普尔和明格尔的后期著作。但在现城的形式中基本说来它只局限于对维也纳学圈鼎盛期的介绍。
Language, Truth and Logic
Douban
Alfred J. Ayer publishing house: Dover Publications 1952 - 6
Sir Alfred Ayer caused a furore with the publication of his LANGUAGE, TRUTH & LOGIC in 1936, when he was only 24. From 1959 until 1978 he was Wykeham Professor of Logic at the University of Oxford. He died in 1989. Ben Rogers is the author of A. J.AYER: A LIFE (Chatto & Windus 1999, Vintage 2000). --This text refers to an out of print or unavailable edition of this title. Classic introduction to objectives and methods of schools of empiricism and linguistic analysis, especially of the logical positivism derived from the Vienna Circle. Topics: elimination of metaphysics, function of philosophy, nature of philosophical analysis, the a priori, truth and probability, critique of ethics and theology, self and the common world, more. "A delightful book...I should like to have written it myself."—Bertrand Russell.
二十世纪哲学
Philosophy in the twentieth century Douban
(英)艾耶尔 translator: 李梦楼等 publishing house: 上海译文出版社 1987 - 9
本书沿着罗素留下的历史线索全面深入地评述了本世纪以来西方哲学各流派的观点及其争端,并恰当地将作者本人的观点贯穿其中。
语言、真理与逻辑
Douban
[英] A.J·艾耶尔 translator: 尹大贻 publishing house: 上海译文出版社 2015 - 2
《二十世纪西方哲学经典:语言、真理与逻辑》在1936年出版之后,博得英国哲学界的普遍好评,但同时也遭到一些尖锐的批评。《语言、真理和逻辑》是艾耶尔25岁时写的,但它至今仍然是20世纪一部被广泛阅读的名作。他从坚决反偶像论的观点出发,运用流畅的语言,把充满新鲜血液的逻辑实证论介绍到英国哲学界。艾耶尔这《二十世纪西方哲学经典:语言、真理与逻辑》还吸引了许多青年读者,为他们所喜爱。 总的说来,《二十世纪西方哲学经典:语言、真理与逻辑》不仅曾在哲学界轰动一时,而且成为当时社会上的畅销书,一直到今天仍然在世界范围内拥有众多的读者。对于哲学著作来说,这是很少见的。
分道而行
A Parting of the Ways: Carnap, Cassirer, and Heidegger Douban
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[美] 迈克尔·弗里德曼 translator: 张卜天 publishing house: 北京大学出版社 2009
1930年代以来,哲学分裂为两大阵营:在英语世界盛行的分析传统和在欧洲大陆流行的欧陆传统。本书通过一个关键性事件考察了这一分裂的起源:1929年在瑞士达沃斯,卡西尔和海德格尔之间的争论。参加这一分水岭事件的还有逻辑实证主义的代表,维也纳学派的卡尔纳普。 作者解释了哲学分歧是如何与政治事件交织在一起的。海德格尔和卡尔纳普都将他们的哲学努力与个子的激进社会观相联系。卡尔纳普属于左派,海德格尔属于右派,而卡西尔则属于自由派的共和主义者。
科学哲学的兴起
Douban
H.赖欣巴哈 translator: 伯尼 publishing house: 商务印书馆 1983 - 4
《科学哲学的兴起》所涉及的虽说是哲学体系和科学思想,但在写作时并没有假定读者对于它的主题已具有专业知识。这里所谈到的哲学概念和这说一一都伴随着它们所受的批判而作了说明。《科学哲学的兴起》虽然论及现代数这和物理学的逻辑分析,但并没有预先假定读者是数学家或物理学家,只要读者有足够的普能常识,期望学到一些多于普通常识的东西,他就具有充分准备,能够随着《科学哲学的兴起》的论述前进了。
维也纳学派
Douban
克拉夫特 translator: 李步楼 / 陈维杭 publishing house: 商务印书馆 1999
维也纳学派(1938年学派解体)(与柏林经验哲学学会一起)构成了一个国际性的哲学运动的出发点。这一国际性的哲学运动导致了实证主义与经验主义的再生与革新。新实证主义在当代哲学(1950)中具有突出的地位,在盎格鲁-撒克逊各国和斯堪的纳维亚各国中尤其是如此。我们可以有把握地说,新实证主义是在两次世界大战之间的时期里出现的最重要的严肃的哲学运动。但是恰恰就是在德意志文化区域内,维也纳学派的工作却遭到了无条件的拒绝。在德国人们直到的仅仅是该学派初期的工作。对该学派的工作的更为详尽的分析主要只能在德国之外出版的著作中找到。因此,作者认为对维也纳学派的哲学成就、问题和结论作一纲要式的讨论将是很有意义的事情。 导言(克拉夫特) 作者为英译本写的序(克拉夫特) 第一部分 维也纳学派的历史 第二部分 维也纳学派的工作 第一章 逻辑和语言 第一节 逻辑和数学 第二节 语言的逻辑分析 第二章 经验主义 第一节 经验概念的构造系统 第二节 经验陈述的证实基础 第三节 知识域 附录 维也纳学派在美国(费格尔) 人名索引 译后记(译者)