《德米安：埃米尔·辛克莱的彷徨少年时》是黑塞的代表作之一，讲述少年辛克莱寻找通向自身之路的艰辛历程。出生并成长于“光明世界”的辛克莱，偶然发现截然不同的“另一个世界”，那里的纷乱和黑暗，使他焦虑困惑，并陷入谎言带来的灾难之中。这时，一个名叫德米安的少年出现，将他带出沼泽地，从此他开始走向孤独寻找自我的前路。之后的若干年，“德米安”以不同的身份面目出现，在他每一次孤独寻找、艰难抉择的时候，成为他的引路人……

小说的主人公哈勒尔是个正直的作家，他鄙视现代社会生活方式，常常闭门不出，令人窒息的空气使他陷于精神分裂的境地。一天他偶尔读到一本《评荒原狼》的小书，顿觉大梦初醒，认为自己就是一个“人性”和“狼性”并存的荒原狼。之后他应邀参加聚会，发现与会者都有狭隘的民族主义观点，而他的反战言论遭到斥责，更觉自己孤独；回家时他遇到酒吧女郎赫尔米娜，获得肉欲欢乐；经赫尔米娜介绍他又结识了音乐人帕布洛和一姑娘玛丽亚，他在音乐和感官享受中忘却了一切烦恼和忧虑。但当他看到赫尔米娜和帕布洛亲近时，便“狼性”大发，出于嫉妒将赫尔米娜杀死。小说幻想色彩浓郁，象征意味深远，被认为有“超现实主义”风格；托马斯·曼称它为“德国的尤利西斯”。

古印度贵族青年悉达多英俊聪慧，拥有人们羡慕的一切。为了追求心灵的安宁，他孤身一人展开了求道之旅。他在舍卫城聆听佛陀乔答摩宣讲教义，在繁华的大城中结识了名妓伽摩拉，并成为一名富商。心灵与肉体的享受达到顶峰，却让他对自己厌倦、鄙弃到极点。在与伽摩拉最后一次欢爱之后，他抛弃了自己所有世俗的一切，来到那河边，想结束自己的生命。在那最绝望的一刹那，他突然听到了生命之河永恒的声音……经过几乎一生的追求，悉达多终于体验到万事万物的圆融统一，所有生命的不可摧毁的本性，并最终将自我融入了瞬间的永恒之中。

Siddhartha is a novel by Hermann Hesse that deals with the spiritual journey of a boy known as Siddhartha from the Indian subcontinent during the time of the Buddha. The book, Hesse's ninth novel, was written in German, in a simple yet powerful and lyrical style. It was published in the U.S. in 1951 and became influential during the 1960s. Hesse dedicated Siddhartha to Ninon Hesse, his wife. The word Siddhartha is made up of two words in the Sanskrit language, siddha (achieved) + artha (meaning or wealth). The two words together mean "he who has found meaning (of existence)" or "he who has attained his goals".[1] The Buddha's name, before his renunciation, was Prince Siddhartha Gautama. In this book, the Buddha is referred to as "Gotama". The story begins as Siddhartha, the son of a Brahmin, leaves his home to join the ascetics with his companion Govinda. The two set out in the search of enlightenment. Siddhartha goes from asceticism, to a very worldly life as a trader with a lover, and back to asceticism as he attempts to achieve this goal. The story takes place in ancient India around the time of Gautama Buddha (likely between the fourth and seventh centuries BC[2]). Experience is the aggregate of conscious events experienced by a human in life – it connotes participation, learning and knowledge. Understanding is comprehension and internalization. In Hesse’s novel Siddhartha, experience is shown as the best way to approach understanding of reality and attain enlightenment – Hesse’s crafting of Siddhartha’s journey shows that understanding is attained not through scholastic, mind-dependent methods, nor through immersing oneself in the carnal pleasures of the world and the accompanying pain of samsara; however, it is the totality of these experiences that allow Siddhartha to attain understanding. Thus, the individual events are meaningless when considered by themselves—Siddhartha’s stay with the samanas and his immersion in the worlds of love and business do not lead to nirvana, yet they cannot be considered distractions, for every action and event that is undertaken and happens to Siddhartha helps him to achieve understanding. The sum of these events is thus experience.