在80年代末至90年代，英国出现了纯粹以吉他噪音实验为目标的乐队与风格，并且获得了相当大的成功，在英国独立摇滚中可谓独树一帜。敏感的乐评人称这一类音乐风格为“自赏摇滚”（Shoe-gazing）。“自赏摇滚”这一名称很是贴切，既包涵了乐队的音乐风格，又暗示了乐队特立独行的生活态度。 My Bloody Valentine就是这类摇滚的代表人物，Loveless是该乐队的第三张专辑，被公认为是该乐队最成功的代表作，在世界范围内都有巨大影响，这张专辑和乐队名称甚至一起出现在了经典游戏Final FantasyVII的片头CG里。

布勒合唱團是英國另類搖滾樂團，1989年成立於倫敦，原名Seymour，由主唱戴蒙·亞邦、吉他手葛拉罕·卡克森、貝斯手艾力克斯·詹姆士和鼓手戴夫·朗崔組成。

Gish is the debut studio album by the American alternative rock band the Smashing Pumpkins, released on May 28, 1991, by Caroline Records. The album was produced by Butch Vig and frontman Billy Corgan, with the latter describing Gish as a "very spiritual album" and "an album about spiritual ascension". Despite initially peaking at only number 195 on the Billboard 200 upon its release, Gish received critical acclaim, with particular praise directed at the band's distinctive psychedelic sound. The album was eventually certified platinum (at least one million copies shipped in the US) by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), becoming one of the best-selling independent albums at the time.[2] It has since been ranked by multiple publications as one of the best rock albums of the 1990s, with Pitchfork deeming "without Gish, there would probably be no Nevermind as we know it."

专辑介绍: 1991年，Metallica创作出Thrash Metal的最畅销专辑，黑色专辑(也有叫同名的)。这张专辑卖出了1500万张，超出了它早期作品的几十倍，这在Thrash Metal的历史上，不但是空前，恐怕也将是绝后的记录了。在这张专辑中，乐队放弃了上一张专辑在编曲上下功夫的路线，而采用一种新的方式来改造自己的风格。但是，可以说，这种改造是建立在商业化的基础上，尽管他们的改造很成功。专辑的封面采用全黑色，并没有标明专辑的名字，在不起眼处有一条小蛇，这不禁让人对封面设计的隐喻有些猜想。 第1曲Enter Sandman是非常著名的一首歌，也为Metallica带来了第2个Grammy奖。在保留了原有的速度以外，乐队在旋律性上下了大功夫，使得这首歌的旋律特别的流行。以至于在那个重金属流行的年代，连中国的电台都在反复播放它。 Sad But Ture是一首优秀的作品。无论是从歌词还是旋律上来讲足够成为一首经典名曲。但从某种意义上讲，这首歌已经不是最初的Metallica风格，变得沉稳、厚重。不过也难怪，这时乐队的成员大多已经在30岁左右，对事物自然有一些更成熟的看法。虽然不象年轻时那样冲劲十足，但歌曲的内涵有了进一步的加深。 Nothing Else Matters是乐队8年5张专辑以来的第一首爱情歌曲。以往Metallica的歌曲更多的带有严肃的政治色彩。对此，Lars说：“这首歌实在是太美了，以至于我们无法不把它放在专辑里。” 直到最后一首歌The Struggle Within的前奏部分，我们才依稀听到一些上张的声音，但乐队对编曲还是做了相当的简化，使其更适合流行化的需要。可以说，这是张无论从流行角度还是艺术角度都近乎完美的专辑，但借此成为流行乐坛发行量保证的Metallica，不得不在商业上消耗自己的过多精力，使乐队在后来长达5年的时间没有新的创作。从此乐队跌入了低谷，伟大的Metallica不复存在了，这张专辑也成为Metallica最后一张伟大的专辑。 PS：金属91是他们商业上最成功的专辑，官方不完全统计卖掉1500万张。尽管屏弃了纯正的摇滚精神，却无疑是史上最成功的金属专辑，也是那个人品让俺很讨厌的James刻意打造的一张最具商业野心的作品（虽说他驾御音乐的能力让俺钦佩不已...）。它的诞生使金属盛世达到了颠峰，同时也是走向衰败的开始。所以亦可称之为千古绝唱... 另外，不能不说反战题材的至尊经典The Unforgiven，凄美的旋律+精致的编曲+出色的演绎=杀人不流痕…另外97年的The Unforgiven II是The Unforgiven的延续，而且英文中two和too谐音，这两首作品放在一起听相映生趣，特别有意思。其实The Unforgiven 的主旋律在中就已初见端倪，就在那首演奏曲To Live is To Die后段的Solo中。同一主旋律出现在其三首重头作品中由此可见Metallica对The Unforgiven系列的的钟爱！ 乐队历史: MetallicA乐队的故事应该从他们的鼓手Lars Ulrich讲起。这不光是因为Lars是Metallica的创始人和发言人，也因为他走上摇滚乐道路多少带一点传奇色彩。 1963年11月26日，Lars出生于丹麦哥本哈根的一个体育世家，他的父亲是丹麦着名网球明星Tobin Ulrich，他自小就随父亲在世界各地参加比赛，并且在父亲的影响下开始进行专业的网球训练。少年Lars在网球上非常成功，十几岁时就已经成为丹麦网球的"明日之星"，这一切似乎都说明Lars将子承父业，向成为体育明星的道路迈进。但就在1973年，着名的重金属乐队Deep Purple巡回演出到了丹麦，Lars随祖父看了这场音乐会以后，就爱上了摇滚乐。两年以后，Lars开始练习打鼓，那时他只有12岁。 1980年，Lars被送往美国洛杉矶进行网球训练，这成了他生活的一个转折点。由于在美国没有什么朋友，Lars在训练之余的时间就一个人练习打鼓。渐渐地，音乐取代了网球的地位，Lars最终放弃网球，离开了通向Wimbledon的道路，走上了他所热爱的摇滚乐之路。值得一提的是，Lars最终还是到了Wimbledon的体育场，不过不是参加着名的Wimbledon公开赛，而是Metallica乐队的演唱会。当时正值“不列颠重金属新浪潮”(New Wave Of British Heavy Metal)兴起，Lars对此极为着迷。他在Recyler杂志(这是一家可以刊登免费广告的杂志，许多摇滚乐队都通过它寻找需要的人员，后来着名的Hole乐队就是通过这家杂志组建的)上刊登广告，寻找和自己志同道合的艺术家，但是没有得到回应。失望之余，Lars只身飞往伦敦追寻他的音乐梦想。 1981年，Lars返回洛杉矶，他遇到了James Hetfield。James是洛杉矶当地人，当时是一家印刷厂的工人。他从小受Black Sabbath等乐队的影响，很早就开始学习弹吉它，在高中时期，James就组织过一支名为Obsession的摇滚乐队。James在旧杂志上发现了Lars的广告，并且找到了他，两人一见如故，立即着手组织乐队。他们首先找到了James在Obsession乐队的同伴贝司手Ron McGoveny。由于James希望自己作为吉它手，他们一直在寻找一位主唱，但是没有合适的人选，于是James就兼任了主唱。不久James发现自己很难同时演唱并演奏主音吉它，他们就招收了Lloyd Grand作为主音吉它手，而James则改任节奏吉它。他们将自己的乐队命名为Metallica，这就是乐队最初成立的阵容。Lloyd Grand在乐队只呆了几个月就离开了，他的替代者Dave Mustine是一名非常出色吉它手。乐队开始时摘取了AC/DC和Judas Priest的某些和弦结构，用Motorhead的的速度来演奏，再加上自己的发挥，形成一种偏重英式重金属的独特结构，很快引起了人们的注意。作为一支地下乐队，Metallica已经全国闻名。在此期间，曾经有一位名叫Jef Warner的吉它手加入乐队，但他不久又退出了。到了1982年底，Metallica发生了一次至关重要的人员变化。由于贝司手Ron对乐队的发展并不上心，Lars和James决定寻找一位新的贝司手。在旧金山一家名叫Wiskey-A-Go-Go的酒吧，他们发现了一个名叫Cliff Burton的贝司手。Cliff的演奏给他们留下了深刻的印象，他们把Cliff招入乐队，并且答应他的要求，把Metallica乐队迁移到旧金山。Cliff较高的专业素养和奇异的演奏风格很快对乐队产生了影响。不久，他们应一家名为Megafore的独立录音公司的邀请前往纽约灌录唱片。此时，吉它手Dave Mustine与乐队其它成员主要是James Hitfeild的关系日趋紧张。这不仅仅是由于音乐上的见解问题，更主要的是Dave酗酒和吸毒的毛病和他暴躁的脾气。在录制第一张专辑之前，乐队终于决定开除Dave。由于当时的Metallica非常穷，乐队只凑够了一张长途汽车票钱，Dave不得不乘坐了4天的汽车返回洛杉矶。这一人生中重大的挫折也使Dave成熟起来，他后来成为另一支Tharsh Metal风格的成功乐队Megadeth的核心人物。Metallica的新主音吉它手是"吉它巫师"Joe Satriani的弟子，来自纽约的Krik Hammett。真正意义上的Metallica乐队在这时确立下来。 1983年，Metallica的首张专辑《Kill 'Em All》推出，这张唱片的风格被认为是第一张Thrash Metal专辑。唱片出售了30万张，乐队在美国和欧洲都有了一定的知名度。几个月以后，其它的几个重金属乐队，如Slayer、Megadeth、Anthrax等也开始尝试Thrash Metal。次年，Metallica第2张专辑《Ride The Lighting》也在Megafore旗下推出，再获成功。这张专辑在毫无宣传的情况下达到了金唱片的销量，并在Billboard专辑榜前200名停留了50周。Thrash Metal开始推向全球。 1986年，Metallica的第三张专辑《Master Of Puppets》推出，这张专辑赢得了比上两张专辑更为出色的成绩，把Metallica推上了重金属的顶峰。随后，乐队随同Ozzy Osboume进行全美巡回演出，通过Metallica高速的吉它和弦、飞快的吉它Solo、变化多端的鼓点，越来越多的人开始认识Thrash Metal的威力，Metallica成为最收欢迎的重金属乐队之一。但是，随着乐队的成功，麻烦也接踵而来。一位少年自杀后留下的遗言要求在葬礼上播放Metallica的一首内容关于企图自杀的歌曲Fade To Black，并引起其它少年自杀者的效仿，不少人在遗书上抄录了这首歌的歌词。虽然Lars辩解说，他们在几年内收到过几千封来信说Fade To Black如何给了他们生存的勇气。但乐队不得不在这一时期内经常面对媒体的责难。更糟糕的是发生在得克萨斯一起枪击事件。一名少年在吸毒后疯狂开枪杀人，目击者说他在开枪时唱着Metallica的歌曲No Remorse(无悔)。在法庭宣判他死刑时，他竟然再度引用了这首歌的歌词。舆论的一片哗然，乐队面临更大的压力。但与接下去发生的事情相比，这一切都算不了什么。 1986年9月27日清晨6时，乐队在从斯德哥尔摩到哥本哈根的巡回演出途中发生车祸，贝司手Cliff Burton不幸身亡。Lars说："你经常听到'噩耗'这个词，但你不会明白这是什么意思，直到它突然降临到你的头上。"所幸的是乐队没有因此打击而就此解散。6星期之后，乐队找到了新的贝司手：Flotsam & Jetsam乐队的Jason Newsted－－当James邀请他加入时，他兴奋地在旅馆里又蹦又跳。1987年，Metallica推出一张翻唱70年代晚期、80年代早期地下金属乐队作品的EP唱片《Garage Days Re-Revisited》，随后参加了Van Halen乐队的Monster Of Rock巡回演出。这时，乐队已经走出了Cliff去世的阴影，Jason也完全融合进了乐队的风格。在经历了风风雨雨之后，乐队终于在1988年推出了Cliff去世以后的第一张真正意义上的的专辑《...And Justice For All》。这张专辑获得了前所未有的成绩，许多乐评认为这是重金属音乐历史最出色的专辑，其中单曲One荣获当年葛莱美奖的"最佳重金属歌曲奖"。1991年，乐队推出同名专辑《Metallica》，累计销量高达1500万张，成为最畅销的Thrash Metal专辑，这在当初Metallica不被接受的年代是根本不可想象的。与乐队以前的专辑相比，《Metallica》在风格上有所转变，显得较为柔和、沉郁，但丝毫没有影响它的实际份量，乐队总体发挥达到了完美的境地。Metallica的下一张专辑《Load》在1996年推出，与《Metallica》隔了整整5年。在这5年间，摇滚乐坛发生了翻天覆地的变化。另类音乐大潮冲破了重金属的铜墙铁壁，重金属骄子已成为昨日黄花。面对西雅图Grunge音乐的强有力挑战，为维护重金属音乐的地位，Metallica在《Load》中进行了大胆的改变。这是一张实验性颇强的专辑，从而也引起了较大的争议。反对者认为，这张专辑是对重金属的背叛，Metallica已经偏离了他们一手创建的Tharsh Metal道路；而拥护者则对Metallica的大胆实验非常赞赏，认为这是Thrash Metal发展到了一定时期所必须面临的改变。面对争议，Metallica依旧我行我素，1997年又推出与《Load》同时创作的一些歌曲，命名为《Reload》。这一切表明，不论外界评论如何，Metallica将沿着他们自己的道路走下去，No Remorse! 1998年底，Metallica推出双张专辑《Garage Inc.》。这是一张B面和翻唱歌曲的合辑，对于Metallica这样地位的乐队来说，如此大规模翻唱他人的作品实属罕见。专辑中的歌曲大都Metallica化了，所以虽然是翻唱专辑，但听起来仍然是典型Metallica风格。据悉，今年Metallica将得到格莱美奖的提名。在另类大潮渐渐退去的今天，重金属音乐要想复苏不能只靠工业金属独立支撑。Metallica重新演绎当年NWOBHM时代的作品，继续他们的Thrash Metal之路。世纪末，乐队和旧金山交响乐团合作推出现场专辑《S&M》，被称为"融合了全美最强有力的交响乐团和全球最强有力的摇滚乐队"。一推出就大受欢迎，看来这支重金属的王牌铁军永远也不会老。

U2的第7張專輯【Achtung Baby】在1990年10月於德國柏林的Hansa Studio錄音室展開錄製，樂團從當時的東、西德統一時局中汲取創作靈感，團員在創作之初發生樂團走向的爭論，直到完成"One"這首歌曲之後，創作靈感才湧現，在1991年初轉往愛爾蘭都柏林的Windmill Lane錄音室完成錄製。專輯由U2長期合作夥伴Daniel Lanois、Brian Eno與Steve Lillywhite共同擔綱製作，專輯勇奪美國、加拿大、法國、荷蘭、澳洲等國排行冠軍，挺進英國流行專輯金榜亞軍，全球累積銷售超過1800萬張，連推"The Fly"[冠軍]、"Mysterious Ways"[#13]、"One"[#7]、"Even Better Than The Real Thing"[#8]、"Who`s Gonna Ride Your Wild Horses"[#14]等5首打進英國流行金榜前20名的暢銷單曲，其中的"Mysterious Ways"與"One"雙雙蟬連全美主流搖滾榜與現代搖滾榜的冠軍，同時晉升全美流行單曲榜TOP10，而"One"也在滾石雜誌2010年版的「史上最偉大500首歌曲名單」中名列第36名。專輯同時收錄德國名導文溫德斯的電影「直到世界末日」主題曲"Until The End Of The World"。U2以【Achtung Baby】專輯跟隨後運用多媒體視聽互動技術規劃的「Zoo TV Tour」重新改造過往平實與自我解嘲的形象。

Artist Yes Album Union Rating Release Date Apr 30, 1991 Label Arista Time 65:23

Live in Japan is a four-disc box set by American saxophonist John Coltrane and his last group, featuring the quintet of Coltrane, his wife/pianist Alice, saxophonist/bass clarinetist Pharoah Sanders, bassist Jimmy Garrison and drummer Rashied Ali. The 4-CD set compiles all the music issued as three albums in the seventies by Impulse!; Concert In Japan (1973, US 2-LP, electronically processed for compatible quadrophonic/stereo), Coltrane In Japan (1974, Japan 3-LP (side six is blank), mono) and Second Night In Tokyo (1976, Japan 3-LP (side six contains an interview, mono). (Some of this material was also reissued as two 2-LP sets in 1980 by MCA under the titles Coltrane In Tokyo Vol. 1 and Coltrane In Tokyo Vol. 2) The first CD issues were by Impulse! Japan as two 2-CD sets: Live In Japan Vol. 1 (same as "Coltrane In Japan") and Live In Japan Vol. 2 (same as "Second Night In Tokyo"). The US 4-CD edition includes both of these volumes, with identical mastering from the original mono tapes. The side six interview from "Second Night In Tokyo" has never been reissued on any CD edition. Recorded live on Coltrane's only Japanese tour in July 1966 at two Tokyo venues, Shinjuku Kosei Nenkin Hall and Sankei Hall, it is taken from mono radio broadcasts. It is notable for the presence of alto saxophone by both Coltrane and Sanders; neither man often recorded with the instrument. By this point in his career, Coltrane was firmly enmeshed into the avant-garde style of jazz. Sanders, who was an innovator of free jazz, influenced Coltrane's playing through his technical use of overblowing and fierce vibrations of the reed, and this record is remarkable for its use of multiphonics, overtones, and other extended musical techniques from both players.

Ten is the debut studio album by American rock band Pearl Jam, released on August 27, 1991, through Epic Records. Following the dissolution of their previous band Mother Love Bone in 1990, bassist Jeff Ament and guitarist Stone Gossard began rehearsing with guitarist Mike McCready.

Nevermind is the second studio album and major-label debut by American rock band Nirvana, released on September 24, 1991 by DGC Records. It was Nirvana's first release to feature drummer Dave Grohl. Produced by Butch Vig, Nevermind features a more polished, radio-friendly sound than the band's prior work. It was recorded at Sound City Studios in Van Nuys, California, and Smart Studios in Madison, Wisconsin, in May and June 1991, and mastered that August at the Mastering Lab in Hollywood, California. Written primarily by frontman Kurt Cobain, Nevermind is noted for channeling a range of emotions, being noted as dark, humorous, and disturbing. Its themes include alienation, frustration, anti-establishment and anti-sexist views, and troubled love inspired by Cobain's broken relationship with Bikini Kill's Tobi Vail. Contrary to the hedonistic themes popular in rock music at the time, writers have observed that Nevermind promoted the image of the sensitive artist in mainstream rock. According to Cobain, the sound of the album was influenced by bands such as Pixies, R.E.M., the Smithereens, and Melvins. Though the album is considered a cornerstone of the grunge genre, it is noted for its musical diversity, which includes acoustic ballads ("Polly" and "Something in the Way") and punk-influenced hard rock ("Territorial Pissings" and "Stay Away"). Nevermind became an unexpected critical and commercial success, reaching the top 10 on charts across the world. On January 11, 1992, it replaced Michael Jackson's Dangerous at the number one spot of the US Billboard 200 and was selling approximately 300,000 copies a week. The lead single, "Smells Like Teen Spirit", reached the Top 10 of the US Billboard Hot 100 and went on to be inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame. Its music video was also heavily rotated on MTV. Three other successful singles were released: "Come as You Are", "Lithium", and "In Bloom". The album was voted the best album of the year in Pazz & Jop critics' poll, while "Smells Like Teen Spirit" also topped the single-of-the-year and video-of-the-year polls. The album also garnered the band three Grammy Award nominations in total across the 34th and 35th Grammy Awards, including Best Alternative Music Album. Nevermind propelled Nirvana into worldwide superstardom, with Cobain being dubbed the "voice of his generation". It brought grunge and alternative rock to a mainstream audience while accelerating the decline of hair metal, drawing similarities to the early 1960s British Invasion of American popular music. It is also often credited with initiating a resurgence of interest in punk culture among teenagers and young adults of Generation X. It has sold more than 30 million copies worldwide, making it one of the best-selling albums of all time. In 2024, it was certified 13× platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). Among the most acclaimed and influential albums in the history of music, Nevermind was added by the Library of Congress to the National Recording Registry in 2004 for being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant", and is frequently ranked highly on lists of the greatest albums of all time, including being ranked number six on Rolling Stone's 2020 and 2023 lists of the "500 Greatest Albums of All Time". The album has since been reissued with alternate takes and live performances.

Use Your Illusion II is the fourth studio album by the American rock band Guns N' Roses. It was one of two albums released in conjunction with the Use Your Illusion Tour, and as a result the two albums are sometimes considered a double album. Bolstered by lead single "You Could Be Mine", Use Your Illusion II was the slightly more popular of the two albums, selling 770,000 copies its first week and debuting at No. 1 on the U.S. charts, ahead of Use Your Illusion I's first week sales of 685,000.

A few months after the release of Guns N’ Roses’ debut album, 1987’s <i>Appetite for Destruction</i>, went platinum, Axl Rose gave an interview in which he described a piano ballad he’d been working on called “November Rain.” By that point, the band knew it well: They’d recorded a demo of it nearly a year before starting <i>Appetite</i>, and their guitarist, Slash, remembers an even earlier version that had expanded to 18 minutes. The song seemed to torture Rose—or, at least, represented an ideal he was obsessed with bringing to life. If he didn’t get it right, he told the interviewer, he’d quit music.<br /> The best comparison for 1991’s <i>Use Your Illusion I</i> and its fraternal twin, <i>Use Your Illusion II</i>, isn’t music, but film. The budget, the combined two-hour runtime, the scale, the fact that the band was almost never in the same room at the same time: This isn’t music captured, but music built—piece by audacious piece. Riki Rachtman, a former MTV personality and friend of the band, joked that the moment he knew they’d changed for good was during the last sequence of the video for “Estranged,” in which Axl not only jumps off an aircraft carrier into the ocean, but follows it with a sequence of him swimming with dolphins.<br /> This, though, is where Rose’s head was at, and what <i>Use Your Illusion</i> represents: not the spontaneity of bar bands, but the methodical grandeur of blockbusters. The climactic held vocal note of “Don’t Cry”—nearly 30 seconds, twisting in the spotlight—confirms what some listeners probably already figured out: Rose dreamed of opera. He later said he didn’t just want to outdo their debut, but bury it. And in a way, <i>Use Your Illusion</i> is an even scarier effort: tender one minute (“November Rain,” “Dead Horse”) and cruel the next (“Back Off Bitch,” “Bad Obsession”), an exercise in emotional whiplash that verges on the psychopathic.<br /> But even by the band’s own standards, it was vicious: Where <i>Appetite</i> talks about addiction with a sense of swagger or double entendre (“Nightrain,” “Mr. Brownstone”), <i>Use Your Illusion</i> offers a 10-minute death fantasy called “Coma”; where <i>Appetite</i> is “feel my serpentine” (“Welcome to the Jungle”), <i>Use Your Illusion</i> is “suck my fucking dick” (“Get in the Ring”). Of the two volumes, the second is weirder and more adventurous. Slash once compared the entire project to The Beatles’ White Album (only not as good, he genuflected), but the experience is more like The Rolling Stones’ <i>Exile on Main St.</i>: sprawling, dislocated, less about any single song than the rollercoaster-like effect of the larger picture. And as massive as its impact was on the shape of ’90s rock, there are elements of the albums—and <i>II</i>, especially—that resonate even more closely with gangsta rap: the cinematic scope (“Civil War”), the mix of nostalgia and sentimentality (“Knockin’ on Heaven’s Door”) with almost paranoiac meanness (“You Could Be Mine”).<br /> Both of its volumes seeing release on the same day, <i>Use Your Illusion</i> came out at a time when a wave of underground bands was redefining mainstream rock by trading grandiosity for modesty. But 1991 also marked the death of Freddie Mercury and, by extension, the end of Queen as we often remember them. The coincidence is poetic: As Nirvana and their peers largely eschewed rock’s taste for spectacle, G N' R embodied it. Like a fading starlet leaning into a nervous breakdown, Axl preens for the camera, knowing it won’t look away.