历史
历史的观念
The Idea of History Douban
★ 9.5 15 ratings
[英] 柯林武德 translator: 何兆武 / 张文杰 … publishing house: 北京大学出版社 2010 - 1
《历史的观念》被誉为20世纪最有影响力的历史哲学著作之一。此书为柯林武德遗作,最初于1946年由诺克斯编辑成书,极受学界关注。1998年牛津大学出版社推出由杜森编辑的《历史的观念》(增补版),澄清了诺克斯版编纂过程中的问题,并且增收了柯林武德在1926-1928年间所做的历史哲学讲演稿。篇幅增加三分之一,有助于读者了解柯林武德思想的原貌。 这部理论性的学术著作,之所以能够成为畅销书,几十年来一直受到读者重视,原因大概有这么几点:一,它要言不烦地梳理了西方人的历史观念的演变,从古希腊到现代,各阶段的特征一目了然;二,作者兼有历史学和哲学两方面的思维训练,所论问题切中历史学的核心,不给人隔膜之感;三,作者思路明晰,语言简练,将深刻的哲学思想用平白晓畅的语言娓娓道来。 * 历史哲学这一课题的研究者,在近代西方是哲学家远多于历史学家,像克罗齐和柯林武德这样以哲学家而兼历史学家的人,并不多见。 ——何兆武 * 1926年和1928年的讲稿尤其重要,它们包含了柯林武德对其历史哲学思想所做的首次全面阐述。因此,通过它们,柯林武德历史哲学的第一阶段得到了完好记录。他后期历史哲学的许多著名观点都是在这些讲稿中第一次被阐述,从而为更好地理解他的观点提供了一个非常珍贵的机会。 ——扬•冯•德•杜森
缪朗山文集(共9册)
Douban
缪朗山 publishing house: 中国人民大学出版社 2011 - 1
本丛书是已故的著名翻译家、中国人民大学教授缪朗山先生(笔名缪灵珠)的作品集。 缪先生终生勤奋,治学严谨,注重钻研原著,惯于独立思考。他著述所需的文献资料大都根据希腊文、拉丁文、英文、俄文、法文、德文的原文本亲自翻译,其中不少目前仍属唯一的汉译本。所写著作均为授课讲稿或提纲,当时虽然时间紧迫,但他仍旧一丝不苟。 《缪朗山文集》由先生生前发表的著作及其遗稿,经编辑校订汇集而成,共分九卷,前七卷为译著,后两卷为专著: 1 西方美学经典选译(古代卷) 2 西方美学经典选译(近代卷上) 3 西方美学经典选译(近代卷下) 4 西方美学经典选译(现代卷) 5 伊利亚特 变形记 6 古希腊史 7 俄国文学史 8 西方文艺理论史纲 9 古希腊的文艺理论 德国古典美学散论
宗教改革
Reformations: the Early Modern World,1450-1650 Douban
[美]卡洛斯·艾尔 (Carlos M. N. Eire) translator: 林国荣 publishing house: 社会科学文献出版社
A lively, expansive history of the Protestant and Catholic Reformations and the momentous changes they set in motion This fast-paced survey of Western civilization’s transition from the Middle Ages to modernity brings that tumultuous period vividly to life. Carlos Eire, popular professor and gifted writer, chronicles the two-hundred-year era of the Renaissance and Reformation with particular attention to issues that persist as concerns in the present day. Eire connects the Protestant and Catholic Reformations in new and profound ways, and he demonstrates convincingly that this crucial turning point in history not only affected people long gone, but continues to shape our world and define who we are today. The book focuses on the vast changes that took place in Western civilization between 1450 and 1650, from Gutenberg’s printing press and the subsequent revolution in the spread of ideas to the close of the Thirty Years’ War. Eire devotes equal attention to the various Protestant traditions and churches as well as to Catholicism, skepticism, and secularism, and he takes into account the expansion of European culture and religion into other lands, particularly the Americas and Asia. He also underscores how changes in religion transformed the Western secular world. A book created with students and nonspecialists in mind, Reformations is an inspiring, provocative volume for any reader who is curious about the role of ideas and beliefs in history.
伟大的海
The Great Sea: A Human History of the Mediterranean Douban
[英]大卫‧阿布拉菲亚 translator: 徐家玲 publishing house: 社会科学文献出版社 2018 - 7
★第一部完整叙述地中海历史的著作; ★布罗代尔《地中海史》之后最重要的一部地中海史作品; ★作者被誉为“在世最伟大的地中海历史学者”。 2011年《星期日泰晤士报》年度选书历史著作榜首 2011年英国国家学院杰出成就奖 2011年英国海事基金会蒙巴顿奖 2013年英国人文社会 科学院奖章 【内容简介】 三千多年来,地中海一直都是人类文明的一处伟大中心。大卫•阿布拉菲亚的《伟大的海》是第一部完整叙述地中海历史的著作,书中讲述的地中海故事对世界历史发挥了重要的塑造作用。在时间上它从公元前3500年前后马耳他神殿的建立一直讲到当代旅游业的发展,在空间上从直布罗陀一直讲到雅法、热那亚与突尼斯,还生动记叙了朝圣者、海盗、苏丹、海军将领等人物的经历。 【媒体获誉】 在世最伟大的地中海历史学者。 ——安德鲁•罗伯茨 在这本杰出的权威性著作中,地中海显得前所未有的迷人、重要。 ——BBC历史频道 如果今年夏天想找本历史书读,那就读这本吧。 ——弗兰克•特伦特曼,《星期日快报》 今年出版的最好的历史类图书……引人入胜。 ——杰弗里•惠特克罗夫特,《观察家报》 人物形象丰富多彩……阿布拉菲亚轻松且热情洋溢地展示了他的学术成就。就其本质而言,本书是一部人类历史,一部扣人心弦、富有世俗色彩、血腥、妙趣横生的人类历史。 ——西蒙•塞巴格•蒙蒂菲奥里,《金融时报》 这是一项可以为普通读者接受的非凡学术成就,任何一个因分散的地中海历史碎片而产生兴趣的人在阅读此书后都将获益匪浅。在今后很长一段时间里,都很难出现能够与本书抗衡甚至类似的作品。 ——罗杰•克劳利,《文学评论》
大博弈
THE GREAT GAME: ON SECRET SERVICE IN HIGH ASIA Douban
[英]彼得·霍普柯克 translator: 张望 / 岸青 publishing house: 中国青年出版社 2016 - 1
大英帝国和沙俄帝国的秘密战争,浪漫主义和英雄主义的不朽史诗 大博弈开始,两大帝国相隔3000公里;大博弈结束,两国仅距30公里。 但在中亚的土地上,在丝绸之路的东西交汇点,博弈永不落幕。 19世纪初,英属印度和沙皇俄国中间横陈着广袤的沙漠和群山。这些地带不为人知,也未被测绘,只有布哈拉、撒马尔罕和塔什干这些蒙古汗国时代的古老地名还残存在人们遥远的记忆中。随着俄国不断向南扩张进入中亚腹地,英属印度不断向北扩张逼进克什米尔,两大帝国逐渐显示出碰撞的态势。在一个世纪的时间内,围绕潜在的威胁,英俄两大帝国在中亚展开了一场波澜壮阔而又如履薄冰的勘探、间谍、军事与外交博弈,史称“大博弈”。 本书讲述的就是这些参与者的故事。其中英国和俄国的年轻军官,他们不断探索,舍命涉险。他们扮作朝圣者、马贩子,绘制秘密山口的地图,搜集珍贵的情报,求得与当地最有权势的汗王结盟。有人一去不返。在今天的中亚,大博弈年代的野蛮和暴力仍然回响不绝。 阿富汗前总统穆罕默德·纳吉布拉计划将本书翻译为普什图语,他说:“(阿富汗人)能从中看到历史的重复……只有我们了解了自己的历史,才能打破这个循环。”翻译还未完成,1996年9月,塔利班武装攻入喀布尔,纳吉布拉被残酷处死。
The Sleepwalkers
Douban Open Library
Christopher Clark publishing house: Harpercollins 2013 - 3 other title: The Sleepwalkers
In "The Sleepwalkers" acclaimed historian and author of Iron Kingdom, Christopher Clark, examines the causes of the First World War. Sunday Times Books of the Year 2012. The moments that it took Gavrilo Princip to step forward to the stalled car and shoot dead Franz Ferdinand and his wife were perhaps the most fateful of the modern era. An act of terrorism of staggering efficiency, it fulfilled its every aim: it would liberate Bosnia from Habsburg rule and it created a powerful new Serbia, but it also brought down four great empires, killed millions of men and destroyed a civilization. What made a seemingly prosperous and complacent Europe so vulnerable to the impact of this assassination? In "The Sleepwalkers" Christopher Clark retells the story of the outbreak of the First World War and its causes. Drawing on many fresh new sources, this account reveals a Europe very different from the familiar picture, putting Serbia and the Balkans at the centre of the story. Starting with the brutal assassination of Alexander I of Serbia in 1903, Clark shows how, far from being the place of enviable stability it appears to us, Europe was racked by chronic problems: a multipolar, fractured, multicultural world of clashing ideals, terrorism, militancy and instability, which was, fatefully, saddled with a conspicuously ineffectual set of political leaders. He shows how the rulers of Europe, who prided themselves on their modernity and rationalism, behaved like sleepwalkers, stumbling through crisis after crisis and finally convincing themselves that war was the only answer. Reviews: "Formidable ...one of the most impressive and stimulating studies of the period ever published". (Max Hastings, "Sunday Times"). "The arguments [Clark] sets out in this quite superb account of the causes of the First World War are so compelling that they effectively consign the old historical consensus to the bin ...a masterpiece. It's not often that one has the privilege of reading a book that reforges our understanding of one of the seminal events of world history". ("Mail Online"). "Impeccably researched, provocatively argued and elegantly written, his book is a model of scholarship". ("Sunday Times", Books of the Year 2012). "A brilliant contribution". ("Times Higher Education"). "Clark is fully alive to the challenges of the subject. Planting himself at the contingent end of the spectrum, he prefers to establish how the war happened rather than to explain why by means of hindsight ...It is a refreshing approach. He provides vivid portraits of leading figures ...[He] also gives a rich sense of what contemporaries believed was at stake in the crises leading up to the war". ("Irish Times"). About the author: Christopher Clark is Professor of Modern History at the University of Cambridge and a Fellow of St Catharine's College. He is the author of "The Politics of Conversion", "Kaiser Wilhelm II" and "Iron Kingdom". Widely praised around the world, "Iron Kingdom" became a major bestseller. He has been awarded the Officer's Cross of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany.
Homosexuality and Civilization
Douban
Louis Crompton publishing house: Belknap Press 2003 - 11
How have major civilizations of the last two millennia treated people who were attracted to their own sex? In a narrative tour de force, Louis Crompton chronicles the lives and achievements of homosexual men and women alongside a darker history of persecution, as he compares the Christian West with the cultures of ancient Greece and Rome, Arab Spain, imperial China, and pre-Meiji Japan. </p> Ancient Greek culture celebrated same-sex love in history, literature, and art, making high claims for its moral influence. By contrast, Jewish religious leaders in the sixth century <font size="-1">B.C.E.</font> branded male homosexuality as a capital offense and, later, blamed it for the destruction of the biblical city of Sodom. When these two traditions collided in Christian Rome during the late empire, the tragic repercussions were felt throughout Europe and the New World. </p> Louis Crompton traces Church-inspired mutilation, torture, and burning of "sodomites" in sixth-century Byzantium, medieval France, Renaissance Italy, and in Spain under the Inquisition. But Protestant authorities were equally committed to the execution of homosexuals in the Netherlands, Calvin's Geneva, and Georgian England. The root cause was religious superstition, abetted by political ambition and sheer greed. Yet from this cauldron of fears and desires, homoerotic themes surfaced in the art of the Renaissance masters--Donatello, Leonardo, Michelangelo, Sodoma, Cellini, and Caravaggio--often intertwined with Christian motifs. Homosexuality also flourished in the court intrigues of Henry III of France, Queen Christina of Sweden, James I and William III of England, Queen Anne, and Frederick the Great. </p> Anti-homosexual atrocities committed in the West contrast starkly with the more tolerant traditions of pre-modern China and Japan, as revealed in poetry, fiction, and art and in the lives of emperors, shoguns, Buddhist priests, scholars, and actors. In the samurai tradition of Japan, Crompton makes clear, the celebration of same-sex love rivaled that of ancient Greece. </p> Sweeping in scope, elegantly crafted, and lavishly illustrated, Homosexuality and Civilization is a stunning exploration of a rich and terrible past. </p>
The Work of the Dead
Douban
Thomas W. Laqueur publishing house: Princeton University Press 2015 - 10
The Greek philosopher Diogenes said that when he died his body should be tossed over the city walls for beasts to scavenge. Why should he or anyone else care what became of his corpse? In The Work of the Dead, acclaimed cultural historian Thomas Laqueur examines why humanity has universally rejected Diogenes’s argument. No culture has been indifferent to mortal remains. Even in our supposedly disenchanted scientific age, the dead body still matters—for individuals, communities, and nations. A remarkably ambitious history, The Work of the Dead offers a compelling and richly detailed account of how and why the living have cared for the dead, from antiquity to the twentieth century. The book draws on a vast range of sources—from mortuary archaeology, medical tracts, letters, songs, poems, and novels to painting and landscapes in order to recover the work that the dead do for the living: making human communities that connect the past and the future. Laqueur shows how the churchyard became the dominant resting place of the dead during the Middle Ages and why the cemetery largely supplanted it during the modern period. He traces how and why since the nineteenth century we have come to gather the names of the dead on great lists and memorials and why being buried without a name has become so disturbing. And finally, he tells how modern cremation, begun as a fantasy of stripping death of its history, ultimately failed—and how even the ashes of the victims of the Holocaust have been preserved in culture. A fascinating chronicle of how we shape the dead and are in turn shaped by them, this is a landmark work of cultural history.
A World Undone
Douban
G.J. Meyer publishing house: Delacorte Press 2007 - 5
The First World War is one of history’s greatest tragedies. In this remarkable and intimate account, author G. J. Meyer draws on exhaustive research to bring to life the story of how the Great War reduced Europe’s mightiest empires to rubble, killed twenty million people, and cracked the foundations of the world we live in today. The First World War is one of history’s greatest tragedies. In this remarkable and intimate account, author G. J. Meyer draws on exhaustive research to bring to life the story of how the Great War reduced Europe’s mightiest empires to rubble, killed twenty million people, and cracked the foundations of the world we live in today. From the Hardcover edition.
Androids in the Enlightenment
Douban
Adelheid Voskuhl publishing house: University Of Chicago Press 2013 - 5
The eighteenth century saw the creation of a number of remarkable mechanical androids: at least ten prominent automata were built between 1735 and 1810 by clockmakers, court mechanics, and other artisans from France, Switzerland, Austria, and the German lands. Designed to perform sophisticated activities such as writing, drawing, or music making, these “Enlightenment automata” have attracted continuous critical attention from the time they were made to the present, often as harbingers of the modern industrial age, an era during which human bodies and souls supposedly became mechanized. In Androids in the Enlightenment, Adelheid Voskuhl investigates two such automata—both depicting piano-playing women. These automata not only play music, but also move their heads, eyes, and torsos to mimic a sentimental body technique of the eighteenth century: musicians were expected to generate sentiments in themselves while playing, then communicate them to the audience through bodily motions. Voskuhl argues, contrary to much of the subsequent scholarly conversation, that these automata were unique masterpieces that illustrated the sentimental culture of a civil society rather than expressions of anxiety about the mechanization of humans by industrial technology. She demonstrates that only in a later age of industrial factory production did mechanical androids instill the fear that modern selves and societies had become indistinguishable from machines.
Faces of Power
Douban
Rose-Marie Hagen / Rainer Hagen publishing house: TASCHEN 2018 - 2
Behind the Mask The intrigue, drama, and covert messages hidden in the faces of powerful men and women Byzantine empresses, French revolutionaries, and Spanish generals: history’s most impressive figures stare boldly out of the canvases in this collection of formidable paintings. Each individual represented in these images radiates with strength and splendor; be they an aristocratic widow in mourning, a murdered politician, or a jovial group of Ukrainian rebels. Authors Rose-Marie and Rainer Hagen tease out the stories and secrets of 13 masterpieces by artists including Goya, Titian, Velázquez, and Ilya Repin. Regal, holy, and wise, the men and women in these works will inspire you with their conquests and resilience. TASCHEN reproduces these masterworks in stunning quality, working in collaboration with esteemed art collections all over the world, including in Brussels, St. Petersburg, New York, and Naples. Combining astute analysis with magnified painting details, this book is a unique historical investigation in tribute to the movers and shakers of the past.
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Nov. 12, 2018
按时间顺序选取的13幅画大多看起来不张扬,背后却都有一段动荡的历史或权谋斗争。掌权者的面容从王公贵胄走向银行家、平民、欲望对象和民族精神。画家有时是骗局的同谋,有时又留下了各种揭示真相的线索,画面和事实之间差异往往充满了讽刺。(越来越迷荷尔拜因的The Ambassadors,下次去国家美术馆要膜拜一下。)
艺术 历史
The Golden Age of Persia
Douban
Richard Nelson Frye publishing house: Phoenix 2000
The 400 years which followed the spread of Islam in the 7th century brought a unique fusion of cultures to Persia as Islam was embraced and continuity with Persian heritage maintained. This book describes these centuries of great achievement in the arts, sciences and medicine.
Medieval Robots
Douban
E. R. Truitt publishing house: University of Pennsylvania Press 2015 - 5
A thousand years before Isaac Asimov set down his Three Laws of Robotics, real and imagined automata appeared in European courts, liturgies, and literary texts. Medieval robots took such forms as talking statues, mechanical animals, and silent metal guardians; some served to entertain or instruct while others performed disciplinary or surveillance functions. Variously ascribed to artisanal genius, inexplicable cosmic forces, or demonic powers, these marvelous fabrications raised fundamental questions about knowledge, nature, and divine purpose in the Middle Ages. Medieval Robots recovers the forgotten history of fantastical, aspirational, and terrifying machines that captivated Europe in imagination and reality between the ninth and fourteenth centuries. E. R. Truitt traces the different forms of self-moving or self-sustaining manufactured objects from their earliest appearances in the Latin West through centuries of mechanical and literary invention. Chronicled in romances and song as well as histories and encyclopedias, medieval automata were powerful cultural objects that probed the limits of natural philosophy, illuminated and challenged definitions of life and death, and epitomized the transformative and threatening potential of foreign knowledge and culture. This original and wide-ranging study reveals the convergence of science, technology, and imagination in medieval culture and demonstrates the striking similarities between medieval and modern robotic and cybernetic visions.
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Nov. 2, 2018
奇妙。标题用的robots但书里全是automata“自动的、模仿自然的人造装置”。拜占庭和伊斯兰世界继承了古希腊和亚历山大学派的机械制造术,9世纪巴格达哈里发送给查理曼一座带有活动人形的水钟,拉丁基督教世界从此开始对automata进行虚实交织的文本记录:异己的地理和自然环境助力下的跨文化奇观;掌握隐秘知识的学者在魔鬼帮助下创造的法宝;城堡和陵墓的守卫;恋人的栩栩如生的机械副本或插满管子的古代英雄的防腐尸体,它们总是在生死真伪,自然和人造的边际上,关乎道德,参杂政治和宗教角力,让人惊奇和焦虑。随着知识和科技进步,西方权贵让艺术家和工匠制造各种automata用于嬉戏或彰显权力。15世纪时它们已化身为点缀钟表的圣经典故,演示天体运行规律,完全脱离了东方影响,展现着宏观宇宙在微观上的精准映射。
中世纪 历史 科技
Memoirs of a Fox-hunting Man
Douban
Siegfried Sassoon publishing house: FABER & FABER 1999 - 4
An evocation of the Edwardian age that has remained in print since its publication in 1928. It was the first volume of a classic trilogy, completed by "Memoirs of an Infantry Officer" and "Sherston's Progress", that charted the destruction of the world for which Sassoon fought.
Hermaphrodites, Gynomorphs and Jesus
Douban
David C. A. Hillman publishing house: Ronin Publishing 2013 - 10
The first western god was both male and female. All of western religion springs from the veneration of a bi-gender entity, known to the ancient world as the Gynomorph. The worship of hermaphroditic gods like the Gynomorph surfaces in ancient pagan cults as well as early Christianity. The celebration of female gods with penises impacted the development of western culture. Veneration of the Gynomorph is the basis for modern western law courts. The founders of democracy worshipped similar female divinities who possessed penises. Ritual sodomy as a means of celebrating hermaphroditic gods directly promoted the birth of western democracy. In fact, ancient priestesses responsible for guiding the worship of hermaphroditic goddesses laid the very foundations for democracy, science and philosophy. The oldest western pharmaceuticals were sex drugs used in religious initiations in celebration of the Gynomorph. Snake venoms used in cultic sex rituals were immensely popular in both Greece and Rome. In addition, abortion-inducing drugs promoted the first scientific investigations. Classical civilization relied heavily upon the use of cannabis, opiates, and hallucinogens, which were mixed with sexual stimulants. Greco-Roman witches, who served a prominent hermaphroditic goddess, Hecate, were among the earliest western scientists and naturalists. Devotees of gynomorphic divinities were the first westerners to promote the religious practice known as necromancy. The first “baptists” were cross-dressing necromancers, who celebrated the Gynomorph. Eunuchs who served the same goddess were chemically castrated with scorpion venom. Ancient pre-Christian oracles declared that the messiah must be a hermaphrodite. Christianity tried to assimilate and employ the use of necromancy. The earliest Christians used designer sex drugs in their rituals in order to venerate a messiah given gynomorphic status by church bishops.
审问欧洲
EUROPE ON TRIAL: The Story of Collaboration, resistance and Retribution during World War II Douban
★ 9.5 11 ratings
[美] 伊斯特万·迪克 translator: 舒琦 publishing house: 中信出版集团 2018 - 3
【内容简介】 一个政客,希特勒,加上一个民族,德国人,如何能够彻头彻尾地改变一整个大陆的面貌,这一点至今成谜,但是,德国的力量其实比人们普遍认知中的要有限。拿犹太人为例,如果没有众多非德国籍欧洲人的热衷合作,纳粹分子不可能达成最终的清洗程度。反之,如果没有众多非德国籍欧 洲人的反抗,那么多犹太人的存活也是无法想象的。对于德国纳粹,“二战”时的欧洲不论是国家政府、地方机构,还是不同社会阶层的个人,都会在不同的时机下,选择被动顺从、主动合作或是奋起抵抗。 在本书中,广受称赞的历史学家伊斯特万•迪克探究了第二次世界大战时期的合作、抵抗与报复。作者通过德国占领下的以及苏联、意大利和其他军事统治下的国家和人民的经历,考察了这三个主题。他们面临着诸多道德和伦理困境,是与占领者合作呢,是在战争中保持中立以求幸存呢,还是冒着生命危险成为抵抗者呢?大多数人根据战争在不同时期的不同情况,选择了所有这三种情况。 作者讨论了在残酷的战争之后对那些切实的或可疑的战争罪犯以及战时合作者的肃清,这主要是通过形形色色的暴力、驱逐,以及在纽伦堡国际法庭和其他许许多多地方法庭上进行的司法审判。本书旨在帮助我们理解战时和战后的种种道德因果。 ---------------------------------------------- 【编辑推荐】 战争摧毁了人性,还是人性引燃了战争? 本书不希望给你一个答案,只希望与你一起思考,一起审问欧洲! 审问欧洲,审问的不只是某个人或某个国家,而是历史。历史即使没有正义,也是寻求正义的最佳工具。每个对“二战”感兴趣的人都应该读的一本书。 战争中的强弱、胜败,以及法律和道德意义上是非、对错,都不是那么一目了然。基于生存本能和利益权衡,大到国家、民族,小到家庭、个人,在战争过程中的行为和态度,都是变化多端,而没有绝对的公理或正义可言。所谓朝秦暮楚、身在曹营心在汉、见风使舵、两面三刀,告密、背叛、出卖、投敌,等等,既暴露了人性的阴暗面,也反映了战争的残酷和人类社会的危机。政治上对立的阵营,民族间由来已久却并非渊源有自的仇恨,极权的疯狂和灭绝人性的残酷,芸芸众生颠沛流离的命运以及茫然无所适从的哀鸣或者山呼,詈骂或者幽怨……在动荡、战乱的世界里,穷者无安身之所,达者无立命之地,所谓“覆巢之下,安有完卵”! 本书特色在于: (1)作者作为二战的亲身经历者,以及欧洲史、二战史的研究专家,对二战时期及战后的历史事件、人物一一做了详细的分析和入木三分的剖判,在如此沉痛的话题下隐藏的心愿无非是和平,以及“一个崭新、统一和更好的欧洲”! (2)既往学者和欧洲各国人民,针对战争罪行竭力为自己辩护,在战争的胜利以及取得胜利的英勇斗争方面却极力给自己脸上贴金。作者跳出这一“罗生门”式困境,一针见血地指出战争以及最后的胜利都是所有人的“责任”,和平与团结、发展也取决于每个人的努力。应该被审判的不只是某个人或某个国家,而是历史;值得被期待的也不是谁之正义或何种公理,而是未来。正如本书评论者、著名历史学家蒂莫西•斯奈德所言:“还有更多的东西需要学习,无论是在大西洋的彼岸(欧洲),还是此岸(美国)。” (3)本书的写作,缘起于作者的一位亲人(其姐夫)在战争中的抵抗斗争及其导致的结果。这段真实的故事使作者感到的道德困惑,不亚于著名哲学家萨特在《存在与虚无》中虚拟的经典案例:一个年轻人到底应该上战场保卫国家,还是留在家里照顾年老的母亲?作者以历史学家的立场和眼光,思量了同样的哲学问题:在战争与人性面前,何谓责任?何谓恰当的行为?这几乎是无解的问题,然而它就像战争一样——战争摧毁了人的身体和物质环境,战争造成的道德困境摧毁了人的内心和精神世界。正如本书序作者诺曼•M.奈马克教授所言:“迪克的作品背后有着强烈的道德热情。”也许无论在学术上,还是在历史中,我们都需要这样一种热情——对于真理的探寻所必要的热情。 ---------------------------------------------- 【名人&媒体推荐】 只要深入研究,任何对“二战”中的民族道德所做的非黑即白的评价,都是经不起推敲的。是的,希特勒和那些“坏家伙”败了,一个新的、更加文明的欧洲从往日的瓦砾和灰烬中重生。但是,在走向胜利的过程中,与战场上的硝烟和国际政治上的筹谋相伴相生的,是一出又一出意料之外的曲折命运,极具讽刺意味。《审问欧洲》正是从这个层面上讲述欧洲人亲历的“二战”,令作者伊斯特万•迪克(István Deák)脱颖而出,也令本书显得尤为重要。 ——诺曼•M.奈马克(斯坦福大学东欧史讲座教授) 迪克是东欧和中欧研究的伟大开拓者……在这部书里,他汇集了大量占领时期的道德难题,就像那些杰出的人如斯托拉以及不是那么勇敢的大多数人所遭遇的一样。它联结起了那些通常被认为是对立双方的经验:东方和西方,被占领方和合作方,以及左派和右派。他的主要案例都关涉到今天:在西方民主制度看起来被削弱时,欧洲情愿与纳粹势力达成和解。一个关于欧洲国家的政治迷思即是,它们已从第二次世界大战中吸取了教训。本书指出,还有更多的东西需要学习,无论是在大西洋的彼岸,还是此岸。 ——蒂莫西•斯奈德(耶鲁大学东欧史教授) 伊斯特万•迪克带领读者对欧洲历史上一段黑暗岁月的一些最黑暗的方面进行了全盘检视。他绝不迎合民族神话和未经检验的关于民族美德的假定。第二次世界大战,正如迪克所写的,是人类给自己造成的大灾难之一。书中诸多引人深思、发人深省和令人深感悲痛的行为案例充分地说明了这一论断。 ——《纽约书评》
中世纪的秋天
Herfsttij der Middeleeuwen Douban
★ 9.3 6 ratings
约翰·赫伊津哈 translator: 何道宽 publishing house: 广西师范大学出版社 2008 - 8
《中世纪的秋天》研究14世纪和15世纪的欧洲文化史,以北欧的法国和与荷兰文化为重点;描绘欧洲基督教文化在古典文化、人文主义中的自我更新。这段时间的欧洲社会风云激荡,十字军东征尚未收场 神秘主义蛊惑,人文主义萌芽,文艺复兴滥觞,宗教改革酝酿,这是一个历史大变动的时期。 本书重点展示骑士精神、宗教生活、爱情与色情、死亡的恐惧、文学与艺术;重中之重是文学与艺术的赏析、比较、评述;亮点有多彩的生活画卷、璀璨的群星、传世的作品和死亡的幻象。 本书将论辩置入事实的陈述和作品的分析中,读者可以鉴赏到40余幅图和数十部诗文著作,了解到那并不“黑暗”的中世纪末期的文明。作者的结论是:中世纪和文艺复兴并非黑白分明的两个时期,文艺复兴在中世纪中萌芽,中世纪孕育了古典主义、人文主义和文艺复兴;北欧的文艺复兴有别于南欧即意大利的文艺复兴。
Reconstructing the Body
Douban
Carden-Coyne, Ana 2009 - 10
The First World War mangled faces, blew away limbs, and ruined nerves. Ten million dead, twenty million severe casualties, and eight million people with permanent disabilities - modern war inflicted pain and suffering with unsparing, mechanical efficiency. However, such horror was not the entire story. People also rebuilt their lives, their communities, and their bodies. From the ashes of war rose beauty, eroticism, and the promise of utopia. Ana Carden-Coyne investigates the cultures of resilience and the institutions of reconstruction in Britain, Australia, and the United States. Immersed in efforts to heal the consequences of violence and triumph over adversity, reconstruction inspired politicians, professionals, and individuals to transform themselves and their societies. Bodies were not to remain locked away as tortured memories. Instead, they became the subjects of outspoken debate, the objects of rehabilitation, and commodities of desire in global industries. Governments, physicians, beauty and body therapists, monument designers and visual artists looked to classicism and modernism as the tools for rebuilding civilization and its citizens. What better response to loss of life, limb, and mind than a body reconstructed?
画框里的男人装
Douban
中野京子 translator: 于晓菁 publishing house: 中信出版社 2016 - 9
艺术史畅销书作家中野京子,探究30 幅名画背后的时尚密码,带领读者在古典服饰中阅尽五百年社会风貌的变迁!高清大图全彩印刷,不错过任何细节。 -------------------------- 【内容简介】 名画鉴赏这件事,除了看热闹,更要学会看门道。中野京子带给你的名画鉴赏,一定有着全新的视角。你有没有留意过画面中人物的穿着打扮,佩戴的金银珠宝?这可是一门大学问。他们传递着奇妙的信息,不但反应了画家高超的技巧,也激起我们无限的想象。不论是历史名人还是无名小卒——他们当时身处一个怎样的世界,怀着一种怎样的情感在生活,他们所穿戴的衣装都是重要的线索,让我们可以窥探到那个时代独特的风貌。 “比起容貌,衣着更能代表一切。”现如今,扎克伯格即使穿着跟路人甲一模一样的灰色连帽衫和牛仔裤,出街也会立刻被狗仔跟拍,但在过去的很长一段时间里,王公贵族还有富豪们,不打扮得像孔雀一般招摇过市,就根本不会有人认出他们来。衣装代表阶层、地位、财产、权利,凸显了社会阶层意义。不过,关于女装的研究已经有点让人腻烦了,不如让我们来发现男装中的奥秘,其乐趣完全不输于女性时尚! 男装的最高境界是什么?军装!尤其是拿破仑时代的军装。 皮草除了带来奢华的感受还有什么?还有跳蚤,而且很痒。 蕾丝、花边、珠宝、皮草、红色高跟鞋……这些真的是男人穿的吗?答案是YES! 30 篇趣闻逸事和名画,带领读者在衣香鬓影间阅尽千年的男装时尚。 -------------------------- 【编辑推荐】 ▶中野京子名画鉴赏进阶级教程登场!俗话说得好,人靠衣装,佛靠金装。比起现在这个只看脸的时代,曾经在过去很长一段时间里,衣装才是一个人社会阶层、身份、财产的标签。艺术史作家中野京子继《胆小别看画》系列之后,再次用名画中的男子服饰,带领我们穿行于衣香鬓影之间,进入古典艺术的神奇世界。 ▶不同于市场上相对浅显通俗的艺术鉴赏类图书,中野京子无论是艺术修养至深,语言优美流畅,专业从事艺术普及写作多年,超强的故事性写作方式,无人能出其右。过硬的文笔和知识,博得读者好评如潮。《胆小别看画》全系列4卷在日本出版一来一直广受好评,第一卷《方块A的作弊者》至今仍排名日本亚马逊艺术类总榜第五位,本书《画框里的男人装》,也得到了全五星的评价。 【名人推荐】 “当我读到布瓦伊的《扮成长裤装的歌手许纳尔》,最令我惊讶的就是,现代男性穿长裤是理所当然的,但在当时却正好相反……了解时尚的历史真是太有趣了。” ——日本时装设计大师 山本宽斋 【读者评论】 只属于那个时代的特权,后人竟然无福消受! 时代不同,价值观也不一样。现如今女装却成了时代的弄潮儿。作者从现存的世界名画中,根据时代背景,将男装元素如何变化、如何融入现代时尚,甚至溶于女装元素解析的十分透彻。华丽的服饰,与地位和权利密不可分。王公贵族的奢华服饰,不仅是为了漂亮,也是对其他人的一种宣言。服饰跟时代背景也密不可分,有些衣装,只属于那个时代,竟像是一种特权,后人再也无福消受了。这本书讲男装与历史的纠葛,实在是太有意思了。 ——日本亚马逊读者东堂 是从《胆小别看画》系列熟悉这位作者的。这本新书从古典名画中的男性时尚这一独特角度来写,真想对作者的着眼点和文笔脱帽致敬。这些画中的人物着装,以现在的审美来看简直就是异装癖,但是在当时男性的服装的确比女性更讲究,更华美,穿着这些衣服的人,是希望借助衣装的力量凸显自己的社会地位。另外书本身的印刷和图片也非常精美。 ——日本亚马逊读者yukkie_cerveza