阿拉伯
Les Croisades vues par les arabes
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Amin Maalouf publishing house: J'ai Lu 1999
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March 27, 2021
从十字军东征时代的阿拉伯文人和编年史作者的记录出发,单一视角地讲述两百年阿拉伯世界的腥风血雨,故事性很强,“中东版冰火”诚不我欺,但是看不到欧洲端的历史,也缺乏宏观层面上的解释和总结,仅仅在跋里概述了一下作者的观点。作者认为阿人从9世纪起就不再掌握自己的命运,他们的首领多是土耳其人、库尔德人甚至亚美尼亚人,造成阿人文化的停滞。他们没能建立稳固的统治机制,这点输给了欧洲殖民者。欧洲人不断从东方带回科学、医学、建筑等先进知识,而阿人不但拒绝向外来文明学习,还在东西夹击下日趋保守、敏感、敌意。虽然十字军最终被赶出了中东,但它其实代表了西方的上升和阿拉伯的衰落。
阿拉伯 十字军 Maalouf
Passionate Nomad
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Jane Fletcher Geniesse publishing house: Modern Library 2001 - 7
Freya Stark—traveler, explorer, Arabist, and woman of letters—began the extraordinary adventures that would glamorize her—and would catapult her into public life for the next sixty years—in 1927. And with the publication of The Valley of the Assassins in 1934, her legend was launched. Leaving behind a miserable family life, Freya set out, at the age of thirty-four, to explore remote and dangerous regions of the Middle East. She was captured in 1927 by the French military police after penetrating their cordon around the rebellious Druze. She explored the mountainous territory of the mysterious Assassins of Persia, became the first woman to explore Luristan in western Iran, and followed ancient frankincense routes to locate a lost city. Admired by British officialdom, her knowledge of Middle Eastern languages and culture aided the military and diplomatic corps, for whom she conceived an effective propaganda network during WWII. But Stark’s indomitable spirit was forged by contradictions, her high-profile wanderings often masking deep insecurities. A child of privilege, she grew up in near poverty; she longed for love, but consistently focused on the wrong men. This is a brilliant and balanced biography—filled with sheikhs, diplomats, nomad warriors and chieftains, generals, would be lovers, and luminaries. Author Jane Geniesse digs beneath the mythology to uncover a complex, quixotic, and controversial woman.
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Oct. 9, 2019
这群流连于阿拉伯沙漠的英国人,多少都是英国社会的outsider。当34岁的Freya把苦闷的家庭生活和爱情抛在身后,追随TEL和GB的脚步踏上中东的时候,她几乎一无所有,甚至没受过多少正规教育,心中只有童年起对阿拉伯的向往和不再让任何人摆布自己的命运的决心。她不断挑战禁忌和死亡,绝不循规蹈矩,这让她成为著作等身的旅行家,也使她失去了成为外交官的机会,并可能因此失去了可以与她终身相伴的人。她虽然相貌平平但谈吐机智,极富魅力并工于心计;既爱慕虚荣浮华又能坦然接受各种肮脏恶劣的环境;既洞悉人性,同情阿拉伯民族的遭遇又对女性抱着各种偏见。随着战后英帝国式微和地区冲突不断,她为巴勒斯坦的阿拉伯人所做的努力回应者寥寥,于是她淡出了阿拉伯地区,但仍然旅行到八十岁后,始终在记录她对生活和世界的探索。四星半
传记 阿拉伯
A History of the Arab Peoples
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Albert Hourani publishing house: Faber & Faber 2013 - 1
In a bestselling work of profound and lasting importance, the late Albert Hourani told the definitive history of the Arab peoples from the seventh century, when the new religion of Islam began to spread from the Arabian peninsula westwards, to the present day. It is a masterly distillation of a lifetime of scholarship and a unique insight into a perpetually troubled region. This updated edition by Malise Ruthven adds a substantial new chapter which includes recent events such as 9/11, the US invasion of Iraq and its bloody aftermath, the fall of the Mubarak and Ben Ali regimes in Egypt and Tunisia, and the incipient civil war in Syria, bringing Hourani's magisterial History up to date. Ruthven suggests that while Hourani can hardly have been expected to predict in detail the massive upheavals that have shaken the Arab world recently he would not have been entirely surprised, given the persistence of the kin-patronage networks he describes in his book and the challenges now posed to them by a new media-aware generation of dissatisfied youth. In a new biographical preface, Malise Ruthven shows how Hourani's perspectives on Arab history were shaped by his unique background as an English-born Arab Christian with roots in the Levant.
Arabs
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Tim Mackintosh-Smith publishing house: Yale University Press 2019 - 3
This kaleidoscopic book covers almost 3,000 years of Arab history and shines a light on the footloose Arab peoples and tribes who conquered lands and disseminated their language and culture over vast distances. Tracing this process to the origins of the Arabic language, rather than the advent of Islam, Tim Mackintosh-Smith begins his narrative more than a thousand years before Muhammad and focuses on how Arabic, both spoken and written, has functioned as a vital source of shared cultural identity over the millennia. Mackintosh-Smith reveals how linguistic developments—from pre-Islamic poetry to the growth of script, Muhammad’s use of writing, and the later problems of printing Arabic—have helped and hindered the progress of Arab history, and investigates how, even in today’s politically fractured post–Arab Spring environment, Arabic itself is still a source of unity and disunity.
The Marsh Arabs
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Wilfred Thesiger publishing house: Penguin Classics 2008 - 1
During the years he spent among the Marsh Arabs of southern Iraq-long before they were almost completely wiped out by Saddam Hussein-Wilfred Thesiger came to understand, admire, and share a way of life that had endured for many centuries. Traveling from village to village by canoe, he won acceptance by dispensing medicine and treating the sick. In this account of a nearly lost civilization, he pays tribute to the hospitality, loyalty, courage, and endurance of the people, and describes their impressive reed houses, the waterways and lakes teeming with wildlife, the herding of buffalo and hunting of wild boar, moments of tragedy, and moments of pure comedy in vivid, engaging detail.
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Aug. 21, 2019
记得大英博物馆的亚述馆里有块石板上雕刻着躲在沼泽芦苇里的迦勒底人,伊拉克南部这片近2万km2的沼泽曾经水草丰茂、飞禽走兽云集,被许多学者认为是伊甸园的原型,也是塞西格于50年代造访的地方。或许是缺乏Arabian Sands里的极限冒险,沼泽阿拉伯人的性格也没有沙漠贝都因人鲜明,这本书读起来稍微有点乏味 (不过芦苇建筑很有趣,对于认为自己生错性别的男女,当地人的宽容态度也令人惊奇。)塞西格看到一战后枪支泛滥导致当地狮子灭绝,按照西方模板建立的巴格达等现代城市也在价值观和生活方式上不断冲击部落制度,他对于消亡的预感在92年成为现实,萨达姆为了镇压部落反抗抽干了90%的沼泽,虽然03年起开始重建,但生态圈的复原至今都前景堪忧。塞西格曾感叹自己晚生了50年,现在回望,他真是幸运地早到了半个世纪。
阿拉伯 中东
Arabian Sands
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Wilfred Thesiger publishing house: Penguin Classics 2008 - 1
Arabian Sands is Wilfred Thesiger's record of his extraordinary journey through the parched "Empty Quarter" of Arabia. Educated at Eton and Oxford, Thesiger was repulsed by the softness and rigidity of Western life-"the machines, the calling cards, the meticulously aligned streets." In the spirit of T. E. Lawrence, he set out to explore the deserts of Arabia, traveling among peoples who had never seen a European and considered it their duty to kill Christian infidels. His now-classic account is invaluable to understanding the modern Middle East.
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July 12, 2019
Thesiger不畏自然艰险、政治乱局和部落仇杀,两次穿越阿拉伯半岛南部的空白之地,沙漠游民称之为“Sands”的贫瘠荒漠,体验TE劳伦斯笔下“a death in life”的贝都因生活,寻求把物质欲望降至最低的精神自由。他对考古和自然景观没有兴趣,读他的行记会觉得缺乏诗意和想象,甚至可以批评他的旅行是建立在有钱有闲有关系的基础之上,但他毕竟在石油经济彻底改变阿拉伯世界的前夕,记录下南贝都因人的生活的方方面面以及他们富有感染力的单纯、坚韧和幽默感,我相信他的敬意和热爱都是真诚的。他和贝都因旅伴之间的思维差异常常产生喜剧效果,偶尔也会是危险的,各式小插曲使他的叙述读起来一点都不枯燥,也让人唏嘘这样的生活和旅行方式都业已消亡。配合PittRivers的线上Thesiger摄影图库阅读效果更佳。
阿拉伯 中东 T.E.Lawrence
破碎大地
Fractured Lands: How the Arab World Came Apart Douban
★ 8.4 5 ratings
[美] 斯科特·安德森 translator: 陆大鹏 / 刘晓晖 publishing house: 社会科学文献出版社 2019 - 6
★斯科特•安德森继《阿拉伯的劳伦斯》后又一非虚构力作 ★生动呈现从21世纪初期到“阿拉伯之春”以来的中东大地的动荡与民众的苦难 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 【内容简介】 2011年,所谓“阿拉伯之春”的浪潮席卷中东和北非。西方国家起初赞誉它是民主的胜利,几乎没人预料到它会演化为残酷的内战、“伊斯兰国”的恐怖暴行以及全球难民危机。 在这部作品中,造成中东和北非大幅震荡的复杂原因得以生动呈现。这次调查,通过展现六个生活于此的普通人——一个参与抗议活动家庭的埃及老母亲,一名为自己应效忠于谁而苦恼的利比亚空军学员,一位出身著名武士家族的库尔德医生,一位卷入内战的叙利亚大学生,一位伊拉克女权工作者,以及一位变成“伊斯兰国”武装分子的伊拉克劳工——挣扎求存的人生经历来观察这片破碎和动荡的土地,将当前的苦难追溯至2003年美军入侵伊拉克乃至更早。 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 【编辑推荐】 作者从六个主人公的命运的角度,为我们呈现了“阿拉伯之春”后中东的动荡,即便在作者这个西方人眼里,“阿拉伯之春”也不再是民主的胜利,而要想扭转目前的乱局,在作者看来便是美国不再兜售宗教战争这样的说辞,更多从社会和经济角度解决现实问题。本书是一部颇具穿透力和洞察力的新闻纪实作品,能帮助我们更清楚地了解这场史无前例的地缘政治悲剧,以及体会国家保持和平与稳定的价值。 作者追根溯源,提出的不能忽视西方在“人工构建”国家时埋下的,不顾民族凝聚力和较少考虑部族和派系分野的观点,也引人思考。 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 【媒体获誉】 关于2003年美军伊拉克之后的中东地区动荡态势的简明有力、充满人道主义关怀的著述,精彩绝伦! ——《PBS新闻一小时》 一项艰巨的任务……它对该地区的历史,部落主义的力量,以及处于动荡中的中东地区的世界性影响做了引人入胜的探究。 ——查理•罗斯
The Muqaddimah
مقدمة ابن خلدون Douban
Ibn Khaldûn translator: Franz Rosenthal publishing house: Princeton University Press 2015 - 4
The Muqaddimah, often translated as "Introduction" or "Prolegomenon," is the most important Islamic history of the premodern world. Written by the great fourteenth-century Arab scholar Ibn Khaldûn (d. 1406), this monumental work established the foundations of several fields of knowledge, including the philosophy of history, sociology, ethnography, and economics. The first complete English translation, by the eminent Islamicist and interpreter of Arabic literature Franz Rosenthal, was published in three volumes in 1958 as part of the Bollingen Series and received immediate acclaim in the United States and abroad. A one-volume abridged version of Rosenthal's masterful translation first appeared in 1969. This Princeton Classics edition of the abridged version includes Rosenthal's original introduction as well as a contemporary introduction by Bruce B. Lawrence. This volume makes available a seminal work of Islam and medieval and ancient history to twenty-first century audiences.
The Arabs
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Eugene Rogan publishing house: Basic Books 2011 - 4
Eugene Rogan has written an authoritative new history of the Arabs in the modern world. Starting with the Ottoman conquests in the sixteenth century, this landmark book follows the story of the Arabs through the era of European imperialism and the Superpower rivalries of the Cold War, to the present age of unipolar American power. Drawing on the writings and eyewitness accounts of those who lived through the tumultuous years of Arab history, The Arabs balances different voices - politicians, intellectuals, students, men and women, poets and novelists, famous, infamous and the completely unknown - to give a rich, complex sense of life over nearly five centuries. Rogan's book is remarkable for its geographical sweep, covering the Arab world from North Africa through the Arabian Peninsula, and for the depth in which it explores every facet of modern Arab history. Charting the evolution of Arab identity from Ottomanism to Arabism to Islamism, it covers themes including the conflict between national independence and foreign domination, the Arab-Israeli struggle and the peace process, Abdel Nasser and the rise of Arab Nationalism, the political and economic power of oil and the conflict between secular and Islamic values. This multilayered, fascinating and definitive work is the essential guide to understanding the history of the modern Arab world - and its future.
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June 8, 2019
写了北非和中东的阿拉伯化的国家从1516年起五百年的斗争和苦难,尤其以近百年为重,且局限于政治、宗教、战争方面,并非是一部全面的阿拉伯人的历史。但作者逻辑清晰地从宏观角度说明了这些国家所经历的动荡之间的关联,辅以许多同时代名人和平民的生动记录,让近650页的书读起来欲罢不能。看的是企鹅17年第3版,已经紧随时局发展把原来的尾声扩写成第15章,希望中文版本靠谱一点。
阿拉伯 历史