生物
The Vital Question
Douban
Nick Lane
publishing house:
Profile Books
2015
- 4
Why is life the way it is? Bacteria evolved into complex life just once in four billion years of life on earth - and all complex life s hares many strange properties, from sex to ageing and death. If life evolved on other planets, would it be the same or completely different?
In The Vital Question, Nick Lane radically reframes evolutionary history, putting forward a cogent solution to conundrums that have troubled scientists for decades. The answer, he argues, lies in energy: how all life on Earth lives off a voltage with the strength of a bolt of lightning. In unravelling these scientific enigmas, making sense of life's quirks, Lane's explanation provides a solution to life's vital questions: why are we as we are, and why are we here at all?
This is ground-breaking science in an accessible form, in the tradition of Charles Darwin's The Origin of Species, Richard Dawkins' The Selfish Gene, and Jared Diamond's Guns, Germs and Steel.
为什么生命是这样的?
地球上单细胞的生物进化到复杂的生命,在四亿年的历史长河里,仅此一次而已——而且所有的生命都有一些共同的奇怪的特性,比如说性、老化、死亡。如果在其他星球上,也存在着生命的进化,它们会不会与此相同呢,亦或是它们跟我们完全不一样。
在《至关重要的问题》这 本书中,作者尼克•莱恩从根本上重组了人类进化的历史,在书中回答了几十年来一直困扰无数科学家们的难题。
而他所给出的答案就是“能量”:所有地球上的生物都依靠着电能,而这电能就来自于闪电的力量。把科学上的谜题一一解开,我们就理解了生命的这些特性。尼克•莱恩的解释回答了关于生命的这一至关重要的问题:我们为什么如此?我们为什么会在这儿?
同类作品参考:《自私的基因》,《枪炮、病菌与钢铁》
The Serengeti Rules: The Quest to Discover How Life Works and Why It Matters
Douban Goodreads
Sean B. Carroll
publishing house:
Princeton University Press
2016
- 2
other title:
The Serengeti Rules
How does life work? How does nature produce the right numbers of zebras and lions on the African savanna, or fish in the ocean? How do our bodies produce the right numbers of cells in our organs and bloodstream? In "The Serengeti Rules," award-winning biologist and author Sean Carroll tells the stories of the pioneering scientists who sought the answers to such simple yet profoundly important questions, and shows how their discoveries matter for our health and the health of the planet we depend upon.
One of the most important revelations about the natural world is that everything is regulated--there are rules that regulate the amount of every molecule in our bodies and rules that govern the numbers of every animal and plant in the wild. And the most surprising revelation about the rules that regulate life at such different scales is that they are remarkably similar--there is a common underlying logic of life. Carroll recounts how our deep knowledge of the rules and logic of the human body has spurred the advent of revolutionary life-saving medicines, and makes the compelling case that it is now time to use the Serengeti Rules to heal our ailing planet.
A bold and inspiring synthesis by one of our most accomplished biologists and gifted storytellers, "The Serengeti Rules" is the first book to illuminate how life works at vastly different scales. Read it and you will never look at the world the same way again.
鸟类的迁徙之旅
Douban
樋口広芳
translator:
关鸿亮
/
华宁
…
publishing house:
复旦大学出版社
2010
- 4
鸟类迁徙是地球上最具吸引力的自然现象之一,每年有数以百亿计的候乌在相隔数千甚至上万千米的繁殖地和越冬地之间往返迁徙。这些候鸟为什么每年都要迁徙?在迁徙途中,它们经过了哪些地方?候乌在春季和秋季的迁徙路线是否一样?它们是如何沿着迁徙路线飞行并最终到达目的地的?尽管对鸟类迁徙的研究已经开展了较长的时间,但直到最近鸟类学家借助卫星追踪等高科技手段才对候乌的迁徙活动有了较深人的了解。本书所介绍的内容为作者从事候鸟卫星追踪研究十多年的成果,书中大部分内容均为作者的第一手资料或亲身经历。本书将带着读者跟随鸟类迁徙的旅程,解读鸟类迁徙的奥秘以及鸟类学家的生活。
目录:
前言
第一部分 追踪鸟类的旅行
第一章 鸟类的旅行之一:追踪特定个体的旅行
小天鹅“乘子”之旅
白枕鹤母子的春季之旅
秋天,飞向出水之旅
灰脸鹰“小福”和“新子”的日本境内之旅
蜂鹰“阿紫美”遍访东亚之旅
第二章 追踪鸟类旅行的方法
以前的追踪方法
卫星追踪的原理及方法
所使用的信号发射器
在地图上描绘鸟的移动路线
第三章 鸟类的旅行之二:旅行路线的特点
从鹿儿岛县出水北上的白枕鹤
从俄罗斯南部南下的丹顶鹤
飞越喜马拉雅山的簑羽鹤
始于俄罗斯冻土带的白鹤的迁徙
从青森县小凑出发的大天鹅的迁徙
从北海道出发周游鄂霍次克海沿岸的白尾海雕
灰脸鹰春秋两季的迁徙
蜂鹰春秋两季的迁徙
第四章 沿途的自然情况
朝鲜半岛非武装地带的铁原
朝鲜半岛非武装地带的板门店
朝鲜半岛东海岸的金野
中国黑龙江省的三江平原
中国黑龙江省的扎龙
中国的黄河河口
中国江苏省的盐城
中国长江中游的鄱阳湖
中俄边境的兴凯湖
俄罗斯的兴安斯基和布拉戈维申斯克
印度尼西亚爪哇岛的斗望
缅甸的景栋
第二部分 候鸟的生活
第五章 候鸟的生态和行为
什么是候鸟?
候鸟的生活
候鸟为什么要迁徙?
候鸟如何确定迁徙的目的地?
第六章 候鸟面临的危机
夏候鸟减少的情况
夏候鸟为什么会减少?
最近一段时间的减少
开始紊乱的候鸟历法
第三部分 旅行中出现的意外
第七章 旅行的各种情况
迁徙时为何长距离迂回?
亲鸟和幼鸟的分离
成鸟和幼鸟迁徙方式的区别
多次短距离移动的鸟和少数几次长距离移动的鸟
迁徙失败的例子——灰脸鹰
夜里也在飞行的灰脸鹰
中途返回出发地的大杓鹬
第八章 候鸟的迁徙和朝鲜半岛的非武装地带
非武装地带对白枕鹤迁徙的意义
作为丹顶鹤越冬地的非武装地带
黑脸琵鹭的繁殖地,大杓鹬的迁徙停歇地
通过野外调查了解该区域的重要性
为什么是非武装地带?
失去非武装地带的自然环境会怎样?
我们应该怎么做?
第四部分 悲喜交加的研究
第九章 鸟类迁徙的研究之路
研究的开端
在屈斜路湖的最初尝试
新项目的推进
新的挑战
第十章 研究离不开“辛苦”二字
鸟类的捕捉
困难重重的安装问题
研究经费的获取
第十一章 通过研究鸟类迁徙而结识的人们
在法国斯特拉斯堡的演讲
两部电影
孩子们的来信
阿里郎的青鸟
第五部分 面向未来
第十二章 迁徙研究如何用于环境保护
候鸟重要栖息地的确定和保护区的设立
确定目前所面临的环境问题
保护区范围和边界的再评估
栖息地特征的分析
栖息地的网络分析
保护网络的构建
第十三章 卫星追踪研究存在的问题
信号发射器的大小和性能
信号发射器的安装
信号发射器的回收
费用问题
GPS的利用
尾声
候鸟连接着世界的自然
引用文献
后记
鸟喙
The Beak of the Finch Douban
[英]乔纳生·威诺(Jonathan Weiner)
translator:
王晓秦
publishing house:
译言·东西文库/人民邮电出版社
2013
- 7
该书荣获普利策奖。
加拉帕戈斯群岛是太平洋赤道附近的一个群岛,几百年前还籍籍无名,甚至很少出现在航海图上。现在,这个群岛看成全世界生物学家心中的圣地,因为达尔文曾经在他的环球航行中考察过这个群岛,他后来所提出的闻名于世的、改变世界的科学理论——进化论就是在这里得到了启发。
本书讲述的是美国 普林斯顿大学著名生物学家——格兰特夫妇在加拉帕戈斯群岛的科学考察故事。他们对岛上的达尔文雀进行了几十年的研究,生活在该岛上的这种鸟发生了惊人的变化,展现了一副活生生的演化图,生动说明了自然选择既不少见,也不是个极为缓慢的过程:它随时随地都在发生,我们可以观察得到。
Computational Molecular Evolution
Douban
Ziheng Yang
publishing house:
Oxford University Press
2006
The field of molecular evolution has experienced explosive growth in recent years due to the rapid accumulation of genetic sequence data, continuous improvements to computer hardware and software, and the development of sophisticated analytical methods. The increasing availability of large genomic data sets requires powerful statistical methods to analyze and interpret them, generating both computational and conceptual challenges for the field.
Computational Molecular Evolution provides an up-to-date and comprehensive coverage of modern statistical and computational methods used in molecular evolutionary analysis, such as maximum likelihood and Bayesian statistics. Yang describes the models, methods and algorithms that are most useful for analysing the ever-increasing supply of molecular sequence data, with a view to furthering our understanding of the evolution of genes and genomes. The book emphasizes essential concepts rather than mathematical proofs. It includes detailed derivations and implementation details, as well as numerous illustrations, worked examples, and exercises. It will be of relevance and use to students and professional researchers (both empiricists and theoreticians) in the fields of molecular phylogenetics, evolutionary biology, population genetics, mathematics, statistics and computer science. Biologists who have used phylogenetic software programs to analyze their own data will find the book particularly rewarding, although it should appeal to anyone seeking an authoritative overview of this exciting area of computational biology.
物种起源
The Origin of Species: By Means of Natural Selection or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life Douban
[英] 查尔斯·达尔文
translator:
苗德岁
publishing house:
译林出版社
2013
- 10
●《物种起源》所阐述的进化论是19世纪自然科学的三大发现之一,被誉为“影响世界历史进程的书”。
●译林版《物种起源》是国内唯一的“达尔文《物种起源》第二版”中译本。这一版本不仅最忠实于达尔文原本的立场,并且修正了第一版的错误,深受当今生物学家及达尔文研究者推崇,被收录进 “牛津世界经典丛书”。
●译者苗德岁是唯一获得“北美古脊椎动物协会罗美奖”的中国人。
19世纪30年代,达尔文乘贝格尔号舰进行了历时5年的环球航行,对动植物和地质结构等进行了大量的采集和观察,并于1859年出版了《物种起源》这一划时代的著作。达尔文首次提出了自然选择是演化的机制,并通过《物种起源》这本书证明进化论的真实性。进化论被恩格斯誉为19世纪自然科学的三大发现之一,对后世影响深远。
The Phylogenetic Handbook
Douban
Lemey, Philippe (EDT)/ Salemi, Marco (EDT)/ Vandamme, Anne-Mieke (EDT)
publishing house:
劍橋大學出版社
2009
- 4
The Phylogenetic Handbook is a broad, hands on guide to theory and practice of nucleotide and protein phylogenetic analysis. This second edition includes six new chapters, covering topics such as Bayesian inference, tree topology testing and the impact of recombination on phylogenies, as well as a detailed section on molecular adaptation. The book has a stronger focus on hypothesis testing than the previous edition, with more extensive discussions on recombination analysis, detecting molecular adaptation and genealogy-based population genetics. Many chapters include elaborate practical sections, which have been updated to introduce the reader to the most recent versions of sequence analysis and phylogeny software, including BLAST, FastA, Clustal, T-coffee, Muscle, DAMBE, Tree-puzzle, Phylip, MEGA, PAUP*, IQPNNI, CONSEL, ModelTest, Prottest, PAML, HYPHY, MrBayes, BEAST, LAMARC, SplitsTree, and RDP. Many analysis tools are described by their original authors, resulting in clear explanations that constitute an ideal teaching guide for advanced-level undergraduate and graduate students.