Why is life the way it is? Bacteria evolved into complex life just once in four billion years of life on earth - and all complex life s hares many strange properties, from sex to ageing and death. If life evolved on other planets, would it be the same or completely different? In The Vital Question, Nick Lane radically reframes evolutionary history, putting forward a cogent solution to conundrums that have troubled scientists for decades. The answer, he argues, lies in energy: how all life on Earth lives off a voltage with the strength of a bolt of lightning. In unravelling these scientific enigmas, making sense of life's quirks, Lane's explanation provides a solution to life's vital questions: why are we as we are, and why are we here at all? This is ground-breaking science in an accessible form, in the tradition of Charles Darwin's The Origin of Species, Richard Dawkins' The Selfish Gene, and Jared Diamond's Guns, Germs and Steel. 为什么生命是这样的？ 地球上单细胞的生物进化到复杂的生命，在四亿年的历史长河里，仅此一次而已——而且所有的生命都有一些共同的奇怪的特性，比如说性、老化、死亡。如果在其他星球上，也存在着生命的进化，它们会不会与此相同呢，亦或是它们跟我们完全不一样。 在《至关重要的问题》这 本书中，作者尼克•莱恩从根本上重组了人类进化的历史，在书中回答了几十年来一直困扰无数科学家们的难题。 而他所给出的答案就是“能量”：所有地球上的生物都依靠着电能，而这电能就来自于闪电的力量。把科学上的谜题一一解开，我们就理解了生命的这些特性。尼克•莱恩的解释回答了关于生命的这一至关重要的问题：我们为什么如此？我们为什么会在这儿？ 同类作品参考：《自私的基因》，《枪炮、病菌与钢铁》

How does life work? How does nature produce the right numbers of zebras and lions on the African savanna, or fish in the ocean? How do our bodies produce the right numbers of cells in our organs and bloodstream? In "The Serengeti Rules," award-winning biologist and author Sean Carroll tells the stories of the pioneering scientists who sought the answers to such simple yet profoundly important questions, and shows how their discoveries matter for our health and the health of the planet we depend upon. One of the most important revelations about the natural world is that everything is regulated--there are rules that regulate the amount of every molecule in our bodies and rules that govern the numbers of every animal and plant in the wild. And the most surprising revelation about the rules that regulate life at such different scales is that they are remarkably similar--there is a common underlying logic of life. Carroll recounts how our deep knowledge of the rules and logic of the human body has spurred the advent of revolutionary life-saving medicines, and makes the compelling case that it is now time to use the Serengeti Rules to heal our ailing planet. A bold and inspiring synthesis by one of our most accomplished biologists and gifted storytellers, "The Serengeti Rules" is the first book to illuminate how life works at vastly different scales. Read it and you will never look at the world the same way again.

Languages are constantly changing. New words are added to the English language every year, either borrowed or coined, and there is often railing against the 'decline' of the language by public figures. Some languages, such as French and Finnish, have academies to protect them against foreign imports. Yet languages are species-like constructs, which evolve naturally over time. Migration, imperialism, and globalization have blurred boundaries between many of them, producing new ones (such as creoles) and driving some to extinction.This book examines the processes by which languages change, from the macroecological perspective of competition and natural selection. In a series of chapters, Salikoko Mufwene examines such themes as: natural selection in language; the actuation question and the invisible hand that drives evolution; multilingualism and language contact; language birth and language death; the emergence of Creoles and Pidgins; and the varying impacts of colonization and globalization on language vitality.This comprehensive examination of the organic evolution of language will be essential reading for graduate and senior undergraduate students, and for researchers on the social dynamics of language variation and change, language vitality and death, and even the origins of linguistic diversity.

该书荣获普利策奖。 加拉帕戈斯群岛是太平洋赤道附近的一个群岛，几百年前还籍籍无名，甚至很少出现在航海图上。现在，这个群岛看成全世界生物学家心中的圣地，因为达尔文曾经在他的环球航行中考察过这个群岛，他后来所提出的闻名于世的、改变世界的科学理论——进化论就是在这里得到了启发。 本书讲述的是美国 普林斯顿大学著名生物学家——格兰特夫妇在加拉帕戈斯群岛的科学考察故事。他们对岛上的达尔文雀进行了几十年的研究，生活在该岛上的这种鸟发生了惊人的变化，展现了一副活生生的演化图，生动说明了自然选择既不少见，也不是个极为缓慢的过程：它随时随地都在发生，我们可以观察得到。

一扇了解语言器官、破解语法基因、进入人类心智的大门； 一个关于语言问题最权威的答案； 一些令人信服、生动有趣的例证； 一场常识对谬论的彻底胜利。

The field of molecular evolution has experienced explosive growth in recent years due to the rapid accumulation of genetic sequence data, continuous improvements to computer hardware and software, and the development of sophisticated analytical methods. The increasing availability of large genomic data sets requires powerful statistical methods to analyze and interpret them, generating both computational and conceptual challenges for the field. Computational Molecular Evolution provides an up-to-date and comprehensive coverage of modern statistical and computational methods used in molecular evolutionary analysis, such as maximum likelihood and Bayesian statistics. Yang describes the models, methods and algorithms that are most useful for analysing the ever-increasing supply of molecular sequence data, with a view to furthering our understanding of the evolution of genes and genomes. The book emphasizes essential concepts rather than mathematical proofs. It includes detailed derivations and implementation details, as well as numerous illustrations, worked examples, and exercises. It will be of relevance and use to students and professional researchers (both empiricists and theoreticians) in the fields of molecular phylogenetics, evolutionary biology, population genetics, mathematics, statistics and computer science. Biologists who have used phylogenetic software programs to analyze their own data will find the book particularly rewarding, although it should appeal to anyone seeking an authoritative overview of this exciting area of computational biology.

●《物种起源》所阐述的进化论是19世纪自然科学的三大发现之一，被誉为“影响世界历史进程的书”。 ●译林版《物种起源》是国内唯一的“达尔文《物种起源》第二版”中译本。这一版本不仅最忠实于达尔文原本的立场，并且修正了第一版的错误，深受当今生物学家及达尔文研究者推崇，被收录进 “牛津世界经典丛书”。 ●译者苗德岁是唯一获得“北美古脊椎动物协会罗美奖”的中国人。 19世纪30年代，达尔文乘贝格尔号舰进行了历时5年的环球航行，对动植物和地质结构等进行了大量的采集和观察，并于1859年出版了《物种起源》这一划时代的著作。达尔文首次提出了自然选择是演化的机制，并通过《物种起源》这本书证明进化论的真实性。进化论被恩格斯誉为19世纪自然科学的三大发现之一，对后世影响深远。

The Phylogenetic Handbook is a broad, hands on guide to theory and practice of nucleotide and protein phylogenetic analysis. This second edition includes six new chapters, covering topics such as Bayesian inference, tree topology testing and the impact of recombination on phylogenies, as well as a detailed section on molecular adaptation. The book has a stronger focus on hypothesis testing than the previous edition, with more extensive discussions on recombination analysis, detecting molecular adaptation and genealogy-based population genetics. Many chapters include elaborate practical sections, which have been updated to introduce the reader to the most recent versions of sequence analysis and phylogeny software, including BLAST, FastA, Clustal, T-coffee, Muscle, DAMBE, Tree-puzzle, Phylip, MEGA, PAUP*, IQPNNI, CONSEL, ModelTest, Prottest, PAML, HYPHY, MrBayes, BEAST, LAMARC, SplitsTree, and RDP. Many analysis tools are described by their original authors, resulting in clear explanations that constitute an ideal teaching guide for advanced-level undergraduate and graduate students.