This book lays the foundation for modern studies in historical and descriptive linguistics.

People use metaphors every time they speak. Some of those metaphors are literary - devices for making thoughts more vivid or entertaining. But most are much more basic than that - they're "metaphors we live by", metaphors we use without even realizing we're using them. In this book, George Lakoff and Mark Johnson suggest that these basic metaphors not only affect the way we communicate ideas, but actually structure our perceptions and understandings from the beginning. Bringing together the perspectives of linguistics and philosophy, Lakoff and Johnson offer an intriguing and surprising guide to some of the most common metaphors and what they can tell us about the human mind. And for this new edition, they supply an afterword both extending their arguments and offering a fascinating overview of the current state of thinking on the subject of the metaphor.

John L. Austin" was one of the leading philosophers of the twentieth century. The William James Lectures presented Austin's conclusions in the field to which he directed his main efforts on a wide variety of philosophical problems. These talks became the classic "How to Do Things with Words." For this second edition, the editors have returned to Austin's original lecture notes, amending the printed text where it seemed necessary. Students will find the new text clearer, and, at the same time, more faithful to the actual lectures. An appendix contains literal transcriptions of a number of marginal notes made by Austin but not included in the text. Comparison of the text with these annotations provides new dimensions to the study of Austin's work.

《语言的发展》由儿童语言研究国际协会主席琼·伯科·格利森领衔编写，众多优秀学者和前沿研究者担任各自擅长领域的作者。书中讨论了儿童语言习得过程中可能出现的问题，以及在言语产出、词汇、语法、语用、读写能力等多方面的差异，同时关注导致儿童语言环境和语言发展特征出现群体及个体差异的文化影响。 帮助人们更好驾驭和使用语言，双语语言发展和第二语言学习，增进学习能力，提高学习成效。 1. 中国心理学会推荐教材，在儿童心理语言学方面是一面旗帜。 2. 学科专家领衔，第一编著者琼·伯科·格利森博士是心理语言学家、全球儿童语言领导专家、语言心理学领域的开拓者，是所在领域的领军人物。每章都由她挑选的该研究领域的权威专家撰写，深入浅出，引人入胜，这本书就像一本语言学的百科全书。1985年出版，成为美国各大高校语言学、心理学、教育学相关课程广泛使用的主要教科书。 3. 译文流畅。译者毕业于剑桥大学理论与应用语言学博士学位。本书并由美国哈佛大学教育科学院博士后研究员、讲师陈思担任主审。 4. 本书彩色印刷，每章都有独立的色彩系统，方便根据需要查找、选择阅读，图表清晰美观，术语也单独颜色标出，可以作为收藏价值的案头工具书使用。

Food and Language: Discourses and Foodways across Cultures explores in innovative ways how food and language are intertwined across cultures and social settings. How do we talk about food? How do we interact in its presence? How do we use food to communicate? And how does social interaction feed us? The book assumes no previous linguistic or anthropological knowledge but provides readers with the understanding to pursue further research on the subject. With a full glossary at the end of the book and additional tools hosted on an eResources page (such as recommended web and video links and some suggested research exercises), this book serves as an ideal introduction for courses on food, language, and food-and-language in anthropology departments, linguistics departments, and across the humanities and social sciences. It will also appeal to any reader interested in the semiotic interplay between food and language.

From master language creator David J. Peterson comes a creative guide to language construction for sci-fi and fantasy fans, writers, game creators, and language lovers. Peterson offers a captivating overview of language creation, covering its history from Tolkien’s creations and Klingon to today’s thriving global community of conlangers. He provides the essential tools necessary for inventing and evolving new languages, using examples from a variety of languages including his own creations, punctuated with references to everything from Star Wars to Michael Jackson. Along the way, behind-the-scenes stories lift the curtain on how he built languages like Dothraki for HBO’s Game of Thrones and Shiväisith for Marvel’s Thor: The Dark World, and an included phrasebook will start fans speaking Peterson’s constructed languages. The Art of Language Invention is an inside look at a fascinating culture and an engaging entry into a flourishing art form—and it might be the most fun you’ll ever have with linguistics.

Today, Chinese characters are described as a national treasure, the core of the nation’s civilizational identity. Yet for nearly half of the twentieth century, reformers waged war on the Chinese script. They declared it an archaic hindrance to modernization, portraying the ancient system of writing as a roadblock to literacy and therefore science and democracy. Movements spanning the political spectrum proposed abandonment of characters and alphabetization of Chinese writing, although in the end the Communist Party opted for character simplification. Chinese Grammatology traces the origins, transmutations, and containment of this script revolution to provide a groundbreaking account of its formative effects on Chinese literature and culture, and lasting implications for the encounter between the alphabetic and nonalphabet worlds. Yurou Zhong explores the growth of competing Romanization and Latinization movements aligned with the clashing Nationalists and Communists. She finds surprising affinities between alphabetic reform and modern Chinese literary movements and examines the politics of literacy programs and mass education against the backdrop of war and revolution. Zhong places the Chinese script revolution in the global context of a phonocentric dominance that privileges phonetic writing, contending that the eventual retention of characters constituted an anti-ethnocentric, anti-imperial critique that coincided with postwar decolonization movements and predated the emergence of Deconstructionism. By revealing the consequences of one of the biggest linguistic experiments in history, Chinese Grammatology provides an ambitious rethinking of the origins of Chinese literary modernity and the politics of the science of writing.

本书是瑞典汉学家高本汉的名著之一，是为欧洲大学生写的汉语入门读物。作者充分运用历史语言学的基本理论和方法解释了汉语的本质，举例精当、深入浅出。

《东往东来：近代中日之间的语词概念/学科知识与近代中国研究书系》第一编“西学东渐再东渐”着眼于19世纪英华字典以及《博物新编》《万国公法》和江南制造局的西学新书在日本的影响；第二编“东学激起千层浪”则看20世纪日本是如何影响中国的，通过分析梁启超《和文汉读法》、政治小说《雪中梅》以及《共产党宣言》的翻译问题，认识汉语欧化过程中的日语因素，以及辞典是如何应对日语新词的；第三编“语词概念定尘埃”则具体描述“民主”“共和”“主义”“优胜劣败，适者生存”“金字塔”等概念形成的过程。

作品介绍： 拉丁语原本是古罗马拉提姆地区的方言，后来转变为具有严格使用规范的经典语言，成为罗马帝国的官方语言之一，并伴随着帝国的扩张得以广泛传播。罗马帝国没落后，拉丁语在很长时期仍然是西方世界的通用语言，其影响力甚至跨越了几大洲。 本书融合语言史和文化史视角，考察了拉丁语与英语、德语、法语等其他语言的关系，完整呈现了后罗马时代拉丁语的兴衰。作者认为，只有了解拉丁语在多语言交流空间中不断发展的总体情况，才能理解欧洲拉丁语文化传统。尽管拉丁语看似已经“死亡”，但它影响着包括英语、西班牙语在内的众多语言，对世界产生了深远影响。 本书看点： ◎通过拉丁语的历史，洞悉西方世界几千年的兴衰变迁和权力更迭。 ◎有助于增进对英语、德语等欧洲语言的了解。 ◎展现帝国和语言如何彼此影响及相互塑造。 ◎本书除了回顾拉丁语的发展史，还探求人类语言文化的基本现象。 名家推荐： 这部作品的功绩之一，是让读者首次了解到拉丁语在西方历史上每个时期的意义，以及它的最有用之处……雷昂哈特以清晰扼要、博古通今的方式叙述了拉丁语的历史。 ——安东尼·格拉夫顿 （曾任美国历史学会主席、普林斯顿大学人文学术委员会主任） 拉丁语作为一种文学语言，早在公元前一世纪就确立了固定规范，之后又繁荣兴盛了近两千年。雷昂哈特为这种被认为已死去的世界语言创作了一部生动传记。 ——克里斯托夫·B.克里布斯 （斯坦福大学古典学系副教授） 对于所有想了解拉丁语的地位，以及对拉丁语在某个时代中的意义感兴趣的读者而言，这本书都是必读之作。 ——《布林莫尔古典评论》（Bryn Mawr Classical Review） 雷昂哈特断言，随着我们阅读拉丁语文本丧失的能力，我们也失去了与世界上有影响力的思想家笔下最伟大文学作品的对话机会。对语言爱好者来说，这本书非常重要。 ——《图书馆杂志》（Library Journal）

本书选自意大利著名文论家克罗齐的代表性论文汇集《哲学、诗歌、历史》。在18篇论文中，克罗齐对于美学的核心、艺术表现、艺术意识及作品的诗意等根本性问题做了别开生面的探讨，并对各种美学观点的代表人物及美学领域内带争议性问题、文学艺术不同门类的特点、文学艺术的研究方法及语言哲学等问题进行了卓有己见的论评。全书分析鞭辟入里，论述引人入胜，充分显示了文论大师广阔的视野和对艺术的高屋建瓴的把握。

“最后的硕学”、日本著名文字学家、汉学家白川静代表作 考察汉字中的古代心性，追寻先民的思想世界 ★编辑推荐 ◎独辟蹊径的解读视角 尝试还原先民的思维方式，将汉字视为先民与神交流的途径，从神事的角度理解汉字构型，提供了迥异于《说文解字》的文字学新思路。同时发掘作为汉字产生 之背景的古代世界，向 读者揭示野蛮而鲜活的古代图卷。 ◎丰富的字形示例和文献用例 结合甲骨字形阐释构造意图，征引《说文》《左传》《诗经》《万叶集》等众多中日典籍。 ◎多文化对比的手法 通过横向对比，追寻原始习俗在不同文化中的痕迹，为汉字解读提供了新思路。 ★内容简介 日本著名汉学家、“最后的硕学”白川静，通过对甲骨文、金文资料的缜密分析，建立了完整的汉字体系及汉学文化系统，在文字研究领域影响巨大。《汉字的世界》是白川静先生代表作之一，该作深入解读汉字体系及文化系统，揭示汉字的文化意涵，并由此追寻先民的思想世界。本书是《汉字的世界》的下册。 本书从言灵信仰、法律与刑罚、祭祀与宗庙、生产与技术、人生在世、生命思想等主题入手，延续上册的思路，分析汉字的文化意涵，以博识而明快的理论风格，描绘汉字初创的世界。

本书是一本近代语言史著作，总体论述了近代中日语言交流的过程、特点，指出日语进入现代汉语的时间、典型的事例。介绍了从17世纪传教士的汉译西书工作，到20世纪初中国人汉译日书的历史经过。以《时务报》《日本国志》《辞源》《官话》等文本为例，讨论中日之间语词环流的情况。并专门考察了“热带”“陪审”“化学”三个名词在近代汉语里出现和普及的过程。

本书从语言学的角度切入，分别深入探讨了中国的饮食、数字、动物、称谓、地名等方面的文化。一方面，作者从纵向的时间维度，分析语言的发展、演变；另一方面，又从横向的空间维度，探讨不同语言之间的传播、交流。作者借由语言，探索中国人的历史与文化记忆，为我们描绘出一条清晰的、不同民族间的历史发展与文化交流轨迹。

This highly original study provides an entirely new critical perspective on the central importance of ideas about language in the reproduction of gender, class, and race divisions in modern Japan. Focusing on a phenomenon commonly called "women's language," in modern Japanese society, Miyako Inoue considers the history and social effects of this language form. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork in a contemporary Tokyo corporation to study the everyday linguistic experience of white-collar females office workers and on historical research from the late nineteenth century to 1930, she calls into question the claim that "women's language" is a Japanese cultural tradition of ancient origin and offers a critical geneaology showing the extent to which this language form is, in fact, a cultural construct linked with Japan's national and capitalist modernity. Her theoretically sophisticated, empirically grounded, interdisciplinary work brilliantly illuminates the relationship between culture and language, the nature of power and subject formation in modernity, and how the complex nexus of gender, language, and political economy are experienced in everyday life.

This volume brings together Bourdieu's highly original writings on language and on the relations among language, power, and politics. Bourdieu develops a forceful critique of traditional approaches to language, including the linguistic theories of Saussure and Chomsky and the theory of speech-acts elaborated by Austin and others. He argues that language should he viewed not only as a means of communication but also as a medium of power through which individuals pursue their own interests and display their practical competence. Drawing on the concepts that are part of his distinctive theoretical approach. Bourdieu maintains that linguistic utterances or expressions can be understood as the product of the relation between a linguistic market" and it "linguistic habitus." When individuals use language in particular ways, they deploy their accumulated linguistic resources and implicitly adapt their words to the demands of the social held or market that is their audience. Hence every linguistic interaction, however personal or insignificant it may seem, hears the traces of the social structure that it both expresses and helps to reproduce. Bourdieu's account sheds fresh light on the ways in which linguistic usage varies according to considerations such as class and gender. It also opens up a new approach to the ways in which language is used in the domain of politics. For politics is, among other things, the arena in which words are deeds and the symbolic character of power is at stake. This volume, by one of the leading social thinkers in the world today, represents a major contribution to the study of language and power. It will be of interest to students throughout the social sciences and humanities, especially in sociology, politics, anthropology, linguistics, and literature.

《语言论》是美国观念主义语言学派的代表作。该书基本上依据意大利唯心主义哲学家、属于新黑格尔学派的克罗齐的《心灵哲学》编写。全书共11章，内容包括了语言学的对象，语言成分，语音，语法程序，语法概念，语言结构的类型，语言的发展，语音规律，语言的交互影响，语言与种族、文化的关系等问题。 《语言论》共十一章，系统地讨论了语言学的对象，语言成分，语音，语法程序，语法概念，语言结构的类型，语言的发展，语音规律，语言的交互影响，语言与种族、文化的关系等问题。