In 1923, in this volume, Freud worked out important implications of the structural theory of mind that he had first set forth three years earlier in "Beyond the Pleasure Principle. The Ego and the Id" ranks high among the works of Freud's later years. The heart of his concern is the ego, which he sees battling with three forces: the id, the super-ego, and the outside world.

《释梦》认为在精神活动中，梦起了主角作用。心灵的能量――弗洛伊德称之为“里比多”，主要指性驱力，是一个不固定的、可塑的力量，可因为过剩而成为困扰的力量。这个力量必须释放出来才能得到快乐和防止痛苦，因此它就要寻找一切可能找到的出口。如果不能靠直接动作来得到满足，“里比多”就会通过精神渠道寻求释放。或者用“释梦”语言来说，这欲望能用在想象中实现欲望的方式来求得满足。弗洛伊德宣称，所有的梦，即使带有焦虑色彩的恶梦，也都是满足这类欲望的手段。

In reasoned progression he outlined core psychoanalytic concepts, such as repression, free association and libido. Of the various English translations of Freud's major works to appear in his lifetime, only one was authorized by Freud himself: The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud under the general editorship of James Strachey. Freud approved the overall editorial plan, specific renderings of key words and phrases, and the addition of valuable notes, from bibliographical and explanatory. Many of the translations were done by Strachey himself; the rest were prepared under his supervision. The result was to place the Standard Edition in a position of unquestioned supremacy over all other existing versions.Newly designed in a uniform format, each new paperback in the Standard Edition opens with a biographical essay on Freud's life and work along with a note on the individual volume by Peter Gay, Sterling Professor of History at Yale.

Freud approved the overall editorial plan, specific renderings of key words and phrases, and the addition of valuable notes, from bibliographical and explanatory. Many of the translations were done by Strachey himself; the rest were prepared under his supervision. The result was to place the Standard Edition in a position of unquestioned supremacy over all other existing versions. Newly designed in a uniform format, each new paperback in the Standard Edition opens with a biographical essay on Freud's life and work along with a note on the individual volume by Peter Gay, Sterling Professor of History at Yale.

在线阅读本书 In what remains one of his most seminal papers, Freud considers the incompatibility of civilisation and individual happiness, and the tensions between the claims of society and the individual. We all know that living in civilised groups means sacrificing a degree of personal interest, but couldn't you argue that it in fact creates the conditions for our happiness? Freud explores the arguments and counter-arguments surrounding this proposition, focusing on what he perceives to be one of society's greatest dangers; 'civilised' sexual morality. After all, doesn't repression of sexuality deeply affect people and compromise their chances of happiness? --This text refers to the Paperback edition.