Contents 1. Phonetics. 2. Phonemic analysis. 3. More on phonemes. 4. Features. 5. Morphology. 6. Phonological alternation I. 7. Phonological alternation II. 8. Morphophonemic analysis. 9. Productivity. 10. The role of morphology and syntax. 11. Diachrony and synchrony. 12. Abstractness. 13. Syllables. 14. Stress, stress rules, and syllable weight. 15. Tone and intonation. Appendix: On phonology problems