本书是当代国际著名的美国民俗学家斯蒂· 汤普森（1885-1970）数十年研究民间文学的一个丰硕成果。书中运用历史-地理的研究方法，对分布流传于世界各地的民间故事，进行了梳理、排列和分类序号，寻根溯源地探讨各类故事的发展演变轨迹，婆媳不同类型、不同母题故事的形成内核和它所宣示的道德观念，以期显露故事的原始面貌，为认识文化人类的民俗、宗教、巫术、道德、法律、语言、艺术以及人在社会生活中的种种心态，为了解和研究世界民间文学均提供了丰富资料。这是一部有故事素材述详，以后精到理论婆媳的富有价值的学术著作。书后附有故事类型索引和故事母题索引，可备研究者检索参考。

Language typology identifies similarities and differences among languages of the world. This textbook provides an introduction to the subject which assumes minimal prior knowledge of linguistics. It offers the broadest coverage of any introductory book, including sections on historical change, language acquisition, and language processing. Students will become familiar with the subject by working through numerous examples of crosslinguistic generalizations and diversity in syntax, morphology, and phonology, as well as vocabulary, writing systems, and signed languages. Chapter outlines and summaries, key words, a glossary, and copious literature references help the reader understand and internalize what they have read, while activities at the end of each chapter reinforce key points.

《体范畴》的核心部分由一到三章组成，这几章介绍并论述了体范畴研究中用到的主要概念。第一章详细讨论了完成体和非完成体的区别，并讨论了未完成性的不同种类，特别是惯常性、持续性和进行性。第二章论述了状态和动态情景的区别，延续和瞬间情景的区别，处于一种状态或过程、进入一种状态或过程和离开一种状态或过程的区别，以及有逻辑终结点的情景和无逻辑终结点的情景间的区别。第三章讨论和先前情景关联的完成时，完成时可分为结果完成时，经历完成时，持续情景完成时以及近过去完成时。四五两章运用前面几章提供的概念背景。第四章探讨各种语言中体和时以及体和态的互动。第五章讨论表达体范畴的形式手段。第六章讨论可表体对立的标记性的定义。两个附录对本书引用的语言做出了一种发生学的分类，并向读者简要介绍了三种最近的分析体范畴的方法。

本书由南昌大学语言类型学研究所陆丙甫教授和上海外国语大学语言研究院金立鑫教授担纲，组织国内类型学研究领域的一些优秀学者合作编写而成，是国内首部类型学教材。教材参考国内外语言类型学领域的主要成果，又紧扣汉语语言学，分析大量丰富的语言样本。它依据中国读者的习惯，构建了与传统教科书结构一致的框架体系，将知识点化零散为系统。书中介绍的实证研究方法，内容详细、步骤清晰，具备极强的可操作性，为读者描写语言、开展基础研究提供了极大的便利。

An overview of the major grammatical categories and constructions in the world's languages, Introduction to Typologyprovides a thorough and comprehensive coverage of typology in the areas of morphology and syntax, while underscoring the similarities and differences that underlie the vast array of human languages. Pedagogically sound, this introductory text includes a glossary and highlights and defines each new term as it appears. Each chapter concludes with a summary of new terminology and concepts as well as a list of additional, related readings. Introduction to Typology assumes neither prior knowledge of typology nor extensive background in linguistics, making it useful as a primary or supplementary text for a variety of courses, particularly those dealing with grammatical structure and linguistic universals.

语言类型学研究什么？要回答这个问题，先要回答“语言学研究什么”这个问题。简单来说，语言学是研究人类语言中的要素和规则的。语言中的要素都是客观存在的，例如语音和词汇单位。语言中的规则也是客观存在的，例如构词法、句法、篇章构成的方法等等。
由金立鑫编著的《外语学术普及系列:什么是语言类型学》以问答的彤式，较为全面地介绍了语言类烈学的研究所史，现状和发展方向以及研究范嘲、研究内容、研究方法，与其他语畜学研究的关系等。

《汉语指示词的类型学研究》与国内常见的对汉语某一现象的专题研究不同，旨在以更具理论性的关注和更为广泛的语种和方言材料分析，重新逐一审视、检讨以指示词为主体的指示系统的各个基本概念和诸多层面，包括“指示词”、“指示代词”、“指示语素”等概念的含义和关系，指示词的句法属性，语音语义特点，语用和话语功能等等。作者凭借精密的理论思维和新鲜的语言事实，对一系列重要概念提出了更加合理，更具有语种覆盖面的新定义，同时又在新的理论框架下，完成了一系列基于跨语言材料和汉语事实的具体专题研究，初步提出了多项具有类型学价值的共性规则。

复综语是复杂形态语言的代表和世界语言的重要类型之一，对揭示语言本质有无法取代的价值。但国内学者知之甚少，限制了对普通语言学（尤其是形态学）的深刻理解和对语言类型学、语言普遍性、语言运作机制的深入研究。汉语作为孤立语，处于形态结构简单性的上限。在与之相对的另一个极端，复综语是形态结构复杂性的上限。研究复综语的形态结构及形态复杂化、句子复杂化，有助于反观汉语及其他形态类型语言的系统运作机制，全面了解语言类型面貌，深入观察语言复杂化本质以及贯穿其中的系统运筹语法原理，推动国内语法学研究朝纵深和开阔的方向发展。《复综语：形态复杂的极端》绪论分析了复综语的界定、分布、类型、复杂度、研究现状等，第一章至第四章依次细致描写分析了楚克奇语、爱斯基摩语、鲍莱语、努特卡语的词类系统、语法标记、句法结构、逻辑结构、逻辑关系标记及其他一些特有的语法运作原理，由此分别展现了组并型、递归后缀型、模板型、词汇场型等四种复综语的内部特征。第五章结论总结分析了复综语的来源、形态学的一般原理等。

All languages have demonstratives, but their form, meaning and use vary tremendously across the languages of the world. This book presents the first large- scale analysis of demonstratives from a cross-linguistic and diachronic perspective. The first part of the book analyzes demonstratives from a synchronic point of view, examining their morphological structures, semantic features, syntactic functions, and pragmatic uses in spoken and written discourse. The second part concentrates on diachronic issues, in particular on the development of demonstratives into grammatical markers. Across languages demonstratives provide a frequent historical source for definite articles, relative and third person pronouns, nonverbal copulas, sentence connectives, directional preverbs, focus markers, expletives, and many other grammatical markers. The book describes the different mechanisms by which demonstratives grammaticalize and argues that the evolution of grammatical markers from demonstratives is crucially distinct from other cases of grammaticalization.

Aldo Rossi, a practicing architect and leader of the Italian architectural movement La Tendenza, is also one of the most influential theorists writing today. The Architecture of the City is his major work of architectural and urban theory. In part a protest against functionalism and the Modern Movement, in part an attempt to restore the craft of architecture to its position as the only valid object of architectural study, and in part an analysis of the rules and forms of the city's construction, the book has become immensely popular among architects and design students.An Oppositions Book.

“语言地理类型学”是日本已故学者桥本万太郎立足于东亚大陆语言事实的研究而创建的新理论。本书把语言在地理上表现出来的类型推移，看作是语言历史演变各层次的投影，从而把“横”的区域考察跟“纵”的历史比较有机地结合起来。全书理论精邃，内容翔实，论证严密，涉及面广泛，由语言学家余志鸿精心翻译，著名语言学家朱德熙为之作序，是研究东亚诸语言的重要参考书，对普通语言学研究也具有指导意义。原译作于1985年出版，曾影响了我国一代学者，该理论日益为国内学界所接受，该书已成为各大学语言学本科生和研究生的必读专著。
全书主要由五部分组成：开章“语言的发展”为基本理论框架，后分别从句法结构、基本词汇、音韵结构三方面谈论语言的推移，最后一章为结论。

《建筑类型学》讲建筑，众所周知，建筑学是一个具有特色的学科。它既是一门技术学科，同时又涉及文化、艺术、社会、历史和人文领域等诸多方面。即使在技术领域，它也涉及许多其他相关学科，这就要求建筑系的学生知识面要十分广阔。博览群书增进自身修养，是成就一个优秀建筑师的必要条件。然而，许多建筑专业学生不知道课外应该读哪些书，看哪些资料。

This book discusses the morpho-syntactic Balkan Sprachbund features in nine languages in which they are most numerous. It contains a wealth of Balkan linguistic material, collected from both the existing literature sources and from the author's own field work. Rather than making parallel lists of convergent phenomena, the author focuses on displaying similarities and differences in the representation of the most widely acknowledged Balkan Sprachbund morpho-syntactic features and their interaction with other features in the structure of the DP or the sentence of individual languages. The book stands at the intersection of traditional and formal linguistics. The use of a minimally technical terminology allows for a cross-framework accessibility of the data.

《佛经故事与中国民间故事演变》以比较文学的研究方法，就佛经故事随佛教传入中国，并对中国民间故事的丰富与发展所起到的作用，进行了颇为翔实的分析与考察，从中清理出诸多具体故事发展变化的来龙去脉。对了解中国民间故事大演变，乃至中国民间故事与印度民间故事、世界民间故事之间的相互影响，均有一定的启迪意义。

《建筑类型学与城市形态学》试图将建筑类型放在城市框架和结构中进行整体研究。类型既保持了文化与传统的连续性，也提供了创新和变化的可能。在城市建筑领域，建筑类型学和城市形态学研究不可分割。讨论城市形态学便需涉及建筑类型学，城市形态与建筑类型的这种性质还意味着城市形态反过来也决定一座城市中大量性住宅类型的选择。建筑类型和城市形态学的互补性质通过存在的城市形态与建筑类型建立起联系。建筑类型学理论强调自主现象和城市现象，这两者的关系也是建筑类型学和城市形态学之间的关系。城市建筑学同时考虑建筑类型学与城市形态学，类型学讨论历时变迁中建筑实体与空间形式的规律性，形态学研究各种类型在特定社会文化和物质、物理环境，尤其是城市中的共时空间关系，因此类型学与形态学两者之间互不可分的性质建立了建筑与城市，类型与形态历时与共时的辨证关系。

《汉语体貌研究的类型学视野》研究汉语的体貌系统，重点研究现代汉语普通话及北京话中的体貌问题。主要是共时的研究，也部分涉及历时的研究。一说起“体貌”，很容易想到英语时态中的现在进行时与现在完成时。其中的“现在”与“将来、过去”相对，这属于“时”或“时制”研究的范围；“进行”与“完成”的对立则属于“体”或“体貌”研究的范围。把“进行”与“完成”从传统教学语法的时态分离出来，体现了语言学范畴研究的深入。

"The World Atlas of Language Structures" is a book and CD combination displaying the structural properties of the world's languages. 142 world maps and numerous regional maps - all in colour - display the geographical distribution of features of pronunciation and grammar, such as number of vowels, tone systems, gender, plurals, tense, word order, and body part terminology. Each world map shows an average of 400 languages and is accompanied by a fully referenced description of the structural feature in question. The CD provides an interactive electronic version of the database, which allows the reader to zoom in on or customize the maps, to display bibliographical sources, and to establish correlations between features. The book and the CD together provide an indispensable source of information for linguists and others seeking to understand human languages. The Atlas will be especially valuable for linguistic typologists, grammatical theorists, historical and comparative linguists, and for those studying a region such as Africa, Southeast Asia, North America, Australia, and Europe. It will also interest anthropologists and geographers. More than fifty authors from many different countries have collaborated to produce a work that sets new standards in comparative linguistics. No institution involved in language research can afford to be without it.

什么是艺术？本书的回答是：艺术就是体现了人类的神话、宗教、科学、哲学、语言、技术等等文化形态的艺术表现。
过去我们对艺术的研究和探讨，有时是在美学名义下进行的, 有时是在“文艺学”的学
科名称之下进行的, 偶尔也有一些名之为“艺术哲学”的研究成果出现。
近年有了改变，共识是: 第一，美学不能完全包办代替有关艺术的学科研究。第二，“文艺学”不是文学研究, 也不是关于文学的学科探讨，或以文学为中心和典型形态的学科研究。第三，艺术的理论探讨，包括艺术哲学的内容，但包括大量的科学（狭义）的、经验的艺术研究在内。

Copulas (in English, the verb to be) are conventionally defined functionally as a means of relating elements of clause structure, especially subject and complement, and considered to be semantically empty or meaningless.They have received relatively little attention from linguists. Dr Pustet in this extensive cross-linguistic study goes some way towards correcting this neglect. In doing so she takes issue with both accepted definition and description. She presents an analysis of grammatical descriptions of over 160 languages drawn from the language families of the world. She shows that some languages have a single copula, others several, and some none at all. In a series of statistical analyses she seeks to explain why by linking the distribution of copulas to variations in lexical categorization and syntactic structure. She concludes by advancing a comprehensive theory of copularization which she relates to language classification and to theories of language change, notably grammaticalization.