In Negotiating Opportunities, Jessica McCrory Calarco argues that the middle class has a negotiated advantage in school. Drawing on five years of ethnographic fieldwork, Calarco traces that negotiated advantage from its origins at home to its consequences at school. Through their parents' coaching, working-class students learn to follow rules and work through problems independently. Middle-class students learn to challenge rules and request assistance, accommodations, and attention in excess of what is fair or required. Teachers typically grant those requests, creating advantages for middle-class students. Calarco concludes with recommendations, advocating against deficit-oriented programs that teach middle-class behaviors to working-class students. Those programs ignore the value of working-class students' resourcefulness, respect, and responsibility, and they do little to prevent middle-class families from finding new opportunities to negotiate advantages in school.

This text explains the act of prognosis in its varying forms - doctors telling patients if their cancer is curable, when their pain will stop, if they will live to see their child graduate from college - from the perspective of doctors. Nicholas Christakis examines why physicians are reluctant to predict the future, what uses doctors make of prognosis, the symbolism it contains, and the practical and emotional difficulties it involves. Drawing on his experiences both as a doctor and as a sociologist, the author conducted interviews with physicians; he searched medical textbooks and medical school curricula for discussions of prognosis; and he developed quantitative data showing that physicians are systematically optimistic in their predictions. With its combination of approaches and methods, this book is a study of a murky area of medical practice that, despite its importance, is only partially understood and rarely discussed. Christakis argues that physicians and the medical profession as a whole have the duty to prognosticate, and shirking the difficult questions - as most doctors tend to do - advances neither medical knowledge nor the care seriously ill patients receive. The book aims to be a clarion call for a renewed effort to understand and improve the art and science of prognostication.

日本摄影师秋山亮二拍摄的《你好小朋友》近年来在网络风靡。1983年出版的这本摄影集已绝版。拍摄对象都是1980年代初期中国的孩子们。 这本摄影集为中日双语版。登载有“樱花牌胶卷”的广告。现在的柯尼卡美能达（KONICA MINOLTA）当时名为“小西六”。因为小西六想在中国销售自己生产的“樱花牌胶卷”（1987年更名为柯尼卡胶卷），以中国为题材制作年历。当时中国还没有生产彩色胶卷，也没有冲洗彩色照片的地方。之后这个计划慢慢扩大、转变成为制作摄影集。在中国摄影家协会的帮助下，1981～1982年小西六邀请秋山先生拍摄。他5次前往中国，每次两到三周的时间逗留，拍摄了近8000张彩色照片，筛选116张出版了《你好小朋友》摄影集。拍摄地点包含北京，成都，昆明，广州，海南岛，上海，苏州，桂林，哈尔滨，乌鲁木齐・吐鲁番，呼和浩特等12个城市。 翻开这本摄影集，孩子们天真纯洁朴实的面容接连不断地闯入我们的视野，裹挟着无法言喻的乡愁。那是中国改革开放初期，整个社会向着新希望前行的特殊氛围弥漫着整本摄影集。作品出版之后至今的36年，也是中国发生巨变的36年。建筑、衣服、使用的包或者餐具、街边的垃圾桶，特别对于经历了那个年代的70后80后看来，这些物品无疑让他们倍感怀念。然而，比起这些，更打动人心的是孩子们脸上那种无所忧虑的神情。 我们近年通过媒体看到过很多有着悲伤表情的孩子们。由于地震等灾害失去双亲的孩子、从叙利亚死里逃生难民的孩子、被空袭轰炸失去家园的孩子、受虐待而进福利院的孩子、被应试烦恼困扰而自杀的孩子。但原本孩子的存在就是，不用工作不必担心金钱问题，只需玩耍和学习并应被无条件保护，看着这本书中被拍摄的小朋友们，再次真切感受到的确应该如此。所以明明不是自己的小孩，却被一种想要拥抱画面中每一个孩子的情绪溢满心田。随后又想到这些拥有明眸的孩子们创想的未来即是当下，一边想象他们现在过着什么样的生活呢，一边不自觉的又一次次翻开新的一页。 秋山先生在自身的著作中这么写道：“随着岁月的流逝，内容的深度也随之加深，怎么也看不腻的大概就是好照片吧。即使只有一张，也希望自己的照片中能诞生出这样的影像作品。”《你好小朋友》正是这样的作品。 很多人希望《你好小朋友》能够复刻。直到2018年11月16日，创立于京都的出版社青艸堂与秋山亮二先生达成复刻意向。历时半年终于完成复刻版的制作，在其社交媒体（新浪微博、instagram、facebook）持续更新了详细的制作过程。复刻版于2019年6月1日正式发行。

The first generation of children born under China’s one-child family policy is now reaching adulthood. What are these children like? What are their values, goals, and interests? What kinds of relationships do they have with their families? This is the first in-depth study to analyze what it is like to grow up as the state-appointed vanguard of modernization. Based on surveys and ethnographic research in China, where the author lived with teenage only children and observed their homes and classrooms for 27 months between 1997 and 2002, the book explores the social, economic, and psychological consequences of the government’s decision to accelerate the fertility transition. Only Hope shows how the one-child policy has largely succeeded in its goals, but with unintended consequences. Only children are expected to be the primary providers of support and care for their retired parents, grandparents, and parents-in-law, and only a very lucrative position will allow them to provide for so many dependents. Many only children aspire to elite status even though few can attain it, and such aspirations lead to increased stress and competition, as well as intense parental involvement.

How the leisure class has been replaced by a new elite, and how their consumer habits affect us all In today's world, the leisure class has been replaced by a new elite. Highly educated and defined by cultural capital rather than income bracket, these individuals earnestly buy organic, carry NPR tote bags, and breast-feed their babies. They care about discreet, inconspicuous consumption--like eating free-range chicken and heirloom tomatoes, wearing organic cotton shirts and TOMS shoes, and listening to the Serial podcast. They use their purchasing power to hire nannies and housekeepers, to cultivate their children's growth, and to practice yoga and Pilates. In The Sum of Small Things, Elizabeth Currid-Halkett dubs this segment of society "the aspirational class" and discusses how, through deft decisions about education, health, parenting, and retirement, the aspirational class reproduces wealth and upward mobility, deepening the ever-wider class divide. Exploring the rise of the aspirational class, Currid-Halkett considers how much has changed since the 1899 publication of Thorstein Veblen's Theory of the Leisure Class. In that inflammatory classic, which coined the phrase "conspicuous consumption," Veblen described upper-class frivolities: men who used walking sticks for show, and women who bought silver flatware despite the effectiveness of cheaper aluminum utensils. Now, Currid-Halkett argues, the power of material goods as symbols of social position has diminished due to their accessibility. As a result, the aspirational class has altered its consumer habits away from overt materialism to more subtle expenditures that reveal status and knowledge. And these transformations influence how we all make choices. With a rich narrative and extensive interviews and research, The Sum of Small Things illustrates how cultural capital leads to lifestyle shifts and what this forecasts, not just for the aspirational class but for everyone.

Sociological research is hard enough already you don't need to make it even harder by smashing about like a bull in a china shop, not knowing what you're doing or where you're heading. Or so says John Levi Martin in this witty, insightful, and desperately needed primer on how to practice rigorous social science. Thinking Through Methods focuses on the practical decisions that you will need to make as a researcher where the data you are working with comes from and how that data relates to all the possible data you could have gathered. This is a user's guide to sociological research, designed to be used at both the undergraduate and graduate level. Rather than offer mechanical rules and applications, Martin chooses instead to team up with the reader to think through and with methods. He acknowledges that we are human beings and thus prone to the same cognitive limitations and distortions found in subjects and proposes ways to compensate for these limitations. Martin also forcefully argues for principled symmetry, contending that bad ethics makes for bad research, and vice versa. Thinking Through Methods is a landmark work one that students will turn to again and again throughout the course of their sociological research.

人们通常认为，爵士乐是一种即兴演奏的艺术。即便是两位素不相识的爵士乐手，只要一同登台，就能演奏出一连串和谐而美妙的音符。这些精彩绝伦的乐思，究竟是如何产生的？乐手们是怎样学会即兴演奏的？ 在保罗·F.伯利纳看来，爵士乐作为一种思考方式，其发展贯穿着艺术家的一生。艺术家不 仅受到早年音乐环境的影响，而且随后在更大范围的爵士乐社区内经历磨炼，培养独奏能力，以及在乐队中协作的能力，最终成就独一无二的即兴演奏技艺。本书采用民族音乐学的研究方法，历时超过15年，采访了逾50位知名乐手，广泛引用自20世纪20年代至今的诸多案例，且综合了乐谱分析，全面地再现了爵士乐富于变化的思考方式。本书是爵士乐研究的里程碑作品，曾获艾伦·梅里亚姆音乐学奖。

本书以内容丰富的故事情节和极富洞察力的生活细节，考察了书中那些贫困家庭、工人阶级家庭、中产阶级家庭及富有家庭孩子在学校和在家里的生活，颇具思想性地展示了不同社会分层的人们占有不同的资源，这种不同表现在日常生活中养育子女的点滴例行上，并有可能对孩子获得更高的社会地位、实现美国梦的机会产生巨大的影响。

As one of the most prestigious high schools in the nation, St. Paul's School in Concord, New Hampshire, has long been the exclusive domain of America's wealthiest sons. But times have changed. Today, a new elite of boys and girls is being molded at St. Paul's, one that reflects the hope of openness but also the persistence of inequality. In "Privilege", Shamus Khan returns to his alma mater to provide an inside look at an institution that has been the private realm of the elite for the past 150 years. He shows that St. Paul's students continue to learn what they always have - how to embody privilege. Yet, while students once leveraged the trappings of upper-class entitlement, family connections, and high culture, current St. Paul's students learn to succeed in a more diverse environment. To be the future leaders of a more democratic world, they must be at ease with everything from highbrow art to everyday life - from Beowulf to Jaws - and view hierarchies as ladders to scale. Through deft portrayals of the relationships among students, faculty, and staff, Khan shows how members of the new elite face the opening of society while still preserving the advantages that allow them to rule.

Through the modern history of the sport of swimming, readers come to understand the mysteries of technique, training, and coaching while meeting the athletes and the coaches. Contains portraits of Rowdy Gaines, Mary T. Meagher, Mike O'Brien, and Dara Torres. Published to coincide with the 1988 Summer Olympics. 8 pages of photos.

一本「要燒掉的書」? 一本震驚法國學界的書！ 社會學家布赫迪厄（Pierre Bourdieu）嚴謹而銳利的自我審視， 具體分析出身背景與人脈資源對於學術地位的影響。 《學術人》(Homo Academicvs)是已故法國知名社會學者--皮耶．布赫迪厄(Pierre Bourdieu)在一九八四年出版的暢銷著作，震動當時的法國學界，在他寫作這本書之前，並沒有人勇於自我挑戰，具體檢視學界，也就是學者自身所處場域。 布赫迪厄透過分析醫學院、法學院、文學院以及自然科學學院四大學術領域，其組成成員的社會背景及他們在人脈網絡中的角色，他們的實際活動情況與所能取得的權力地位，進而直剖法國高等教育長久以來的問題。藉由檢視法國數十年來的高等教育問題，看出一九六八年五月的高等教育危機如何發生，及其後學界如何變化。 布赫迪厄在書中所談的問題，雖然時空背景與今不同，但其中人的出身與隱形資源造就將來社會位置的差異，以及人們對於醫學院、法學院、文學院以及自然科學學院四大領域所能帶來的身份地位象徵，這類的問題直到今日仍非常相似，也使《學術人》於今仍具有高度參考性，不僅是一本重要的社會學研究著作，更是理解當代社會階級問題與高等教育僵化情況不能錯過的重要著作。

From the rise of terrorism to the uncertainties associated with economic crisis and recession, our age is characterized by fear. Fear is the expression of a society on unstable foundations. Most of us feel that our social status is under threat and our future prospects in jeopardy. We are overwhelmed by a sense of having been catapulted into a world to which we no longer belong. Tracing this experience of fear, Heinz Bude uncovers a society marked by disturbing uncertainty, suppressed anger and quiet resentment. This is as true in our close relationships as it is in the world of work, in how we react to politicians as much as in our attitudes towards bankers and others in the financial sector. Bude shows how this fear is not derived so much from a 'powerful other' but rather from the seemingly endless range of possibilities which we face. While this may seem to offer us greater autonomy and freedom, in reality the unknown impact and meaning of each option creates a vacuum which is filled by fear. What conditions lead people to feel anxious and fearful for themselves and others? How can individuals withstand fear and develop ways of making their fears intelligible? Probing these and other questions, Bude provides a fresh analysis of some of the most fundamental features of our societies today.

In this new study, Andrew Abbott presents a fresh and daring analysis of the evolution and development of the social sciences. "Chaos of Disciplines" reconsiders how knowledge actually changes and advances. Challenging the accepted belief that social sciences are in a perpetual state of progress, Abbott contends that disciplines instead cycle around an inevitable pattern of core principles. New schools of thought, then, are less a reaction to an established order than they are a reinvention of fundamental concepts. "Chaos of Disciplines" uses fractals to explain the patterns of disciplines, and then applies them to key debates that surround the social sciences. Abbott argues that knowledge in different disciplines is organized by common oppositions that function at any level of theoretical or methodological scale. Opposing perspectives of thought and method, then, in fields ranging from history, sociology and literature, become radically similar, much like fractals, they are each mutual reflections of their own distinctions.

在1923—1953年这段乡村音乐发展史的重要时期，乡村音乐完成了自身的工业化进程，并将“本真性”确立为首要特征。彼得森透过艺术社会学的视角，深入剖析了“本真性”的建构本质，揭示出看似高于生活的艺术趣味，实际上也是通过广播、电影、巡演、展销会等日常途径，由普罗大众参与塑造的。 此外，书中还记录了乡村音乐的诸多重要人物及其活动：通过选秀活动红遍全国的约翰·卡森，专注走“视觉系”路线的吉米·罗杰斯，热衷于集体“角色扮演”的《大奥普里》团队，用生命在诠释“本真性”的汉克·威廉斯……他们身上呈现的，是那个时代自由不羁的开创精神。 ★ 独特的艺术社学会视角，透过行业机制审视音乐风格的社会成因 ★ 诸多重要人物粉墨登场，生动再现乡村音乐的“黄金时代” 【媒体评价】 [彼得森]重新赋予了乡村音乐趣味性、多样性和可能性，这是许多单纯的爱好者（和表演者）所错过的东西。就像巴克·欧文斯一样，彼得森很清楚，没有什么比“表演出自然而然”更难的冒险或挑战了。 ——肯·埃默森，《洛杉矶时报书评》 [彼得森]详细研究了这片迄今为止未被开垦的领域，这本颇具启发性的书关注的是乡村音乐的基质：它的本真性。 ——切特·弗利波，《布告板》 本书引人入胜地讲述了音乐工业实际上是如何创造并发展了乡村音乐，以及这种音乐体裁自此是如何进入一个不断自我更新的历程的。 ——吉姆·麦库尔，《国际乡村音乐》 《创造乡村音乐》是一部文化社学会的杰作，它的作者是令这个领域焕发新生的重要先驱。 ——保罗·迪马乔，普林斯顿大学

What do our clothes say about who we are or who we think we are? How does the way we dress communicate messages about our identity? Is the desire to be "in fashion" universal, or is it unique to Western culture? How do fashions change? These are just a few of the intriguing questions Fred Davis sets out to answer in this provocative look at what we do with our clothes--and what they can do to us. Much of what we assume to be individual preference, Davis shows, really reflects deeper social and cultural forces. Ours is an ambivalent social world, characterized by tensions over gender roles, social status, and the expression of sexuality. Predicting what people will wear becomes a risky gamble when the link between private self and public persona can be so unstable.

作者把职业视为一个相互联系的生态系统，这个系统的最基本要素是职业工作，而职业主义的本质就在于对工作的合法性控制和专业知识的制度化过程。此外，阿伯特还通过本书的经验研究提出管辖权冲突理论，认为职业的管辖权要求是在国家、公众和工作场所三个领域中得到认可的，而管辖权往往具有排他性，正是由于管辖权的排他性，一个职业的管辖权变化就必然与其他职业的管辖权变化相联系，一个职业的管辖权扩张也就意味着另一个职业的管辖权收缩。因此，在职业生态系统中，不同的职业为了对于工作的管辖权而相互竞争。