美国
华氏451
Fahrenheit 451 Google Books Douban
★ 8.3 188 ratings
[美国] 雷·布拉德伯里 translator: 于而彦 publishing house: 上海译文出版社 2017 - 7
“比烧书更可怕的罪行是不阅读它们。” ★ 科幻大师雷•布拉德伯里反乌托邦代表作精装纪念版 ★ 法国著名导演特吕弗电影《华氏451》原著 ★ 在焚烧书籍的年代留下人类文明的备忘录 ★ 如果一个人就是一部书,你希望自己是哪一本? 华氏451度是纸的燃点,小说的故事发生在一个压制思想自由的世界里,这里所有的书都被禁止,消防员的工作不是灭火,而是焚书。故事的主人公已经当了十年的消防队员,但他从来没有怀疑过自己所从事的工作,直到有一天他遇到了一个奇特的女孩,他开始对自己的工作产生疑虑。于是他决定铤而走险,向这个世界发起挑战。就这样一批“书之人”暗暗聚集,他们都有惊人的记忆力,看完就把书烧掉,然后把内容记在心里。那些书储存在他们平静的眼眸之后,完好无缺地等待着将来某一天,那些手指干净或肮脏的读者再来翻动…… 该作品在五十多年前首次出版时曾造成巨大的轰动,被认为是反乌托邦小说的重要代表作。1966年被法国新浪潮著名导演特吕弗改编为电影。还曾被改编成同名游戏、独角戏、漫画等。 特以此精装典藏版,纪念科幻大师雷•布拉德伯里逝世五周年。他是科幻界的爱伦•坡,狡黠而忧伤的怪老头。天空中有以他名字命名的小行星,火星上有向他作品致敬的火山口。他是斯皮尔伯格、史蒂芬金的缪斯。他去世时总统亲自致悼词。如今,他离开我们五年了。来看看他笔下的世界,和我们身处的世界,有着怎样可悲又可叹的相似? 随书附赠布拉德伯里语录书签,收获属于你的科幻箴言。
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Dec. 21, 2021
「给他们填满不易燃的信息,拿『事实』喂饱他们,让他们觉得胃胀,但绝对是信息专家。这么一来,他们就会觉得自己在思考,明明停滞着却有一种动感,他们就会快乐,因为这类事实不会变化。别给他们哲学、社会学这类狡猾的玩意,往那方面思考就会忧郁。」
反乌托邦 科幻 美国
The Great Risk Shift
Douban
Jacob S. Hacker publishing house: Oxford University Press, USA 2008 - 1
America's leaders say the economy is strong and getting stronger. But the safety net that once protected us is fast unraveling. With retirement plans in growing jeopardy while health coverage erodes, more and more economic risk is shifting from government and business onto the fragile shoulders of the American family. In The Great Risk Shift , Jacob S. Hacker lays bare this unsettling new economic climate, showing how it has come about, what it is doing to our families, and how we can fight back. Behind this shift, he contends, is the Personal Responsibility Crusade, eagerly embraced by corporate leaders and Republican politicians who speak of a nirvana of economic empowerment, an "ownership society" in which Americans are free to choose. But as Hacker reveals, the result has been quite different: a harsh new world of economic insecurity, in which far too many Americans are free to lose. The book documents how two great pillars of economic security--the family and the workplace--guarantee far less financial stability than they once did. The final leg of economic support--the public and private benefits that workers and families get when economic disaster strikes--has dangerously eroded as political leaders and corporations increasingly cut back protections of our health care, our income security, and our retirement pensions. Blending powerful human stories, big-picture analysis, and compelling ideas for reform, this remarkable volume will hit a nerve, serving as a rallying point in the vital struggle for economic security in an increasingly uncertain world.
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Jan. 27, 2022
非常棒,把视角从单纯的不平等移到风险范式的转变。题外话,在比较视野下,美国的社会保障制度从各方面几乎都是最糟糕的,大量倾向于雇主而非雇员。其引申意义可以自己考虑一下。
制造业 美国 政治学
America's Assembly Line
Douban
David E. Nye publishing house: MIT Press 2013 - 2
The assembly line was invented in 1913 and has been in continuous operation ever since. It is the most familiar form of mass production. Both praised as a boon to workers and condemned for exploiting them, it has been celebrated and satirized. (We can still picture Chaplin's little tramp trying to keep up with a factory conveyor belt.) In America's Assembly Line, David Nye examines the industrial innovation that made the United States productive and wealthy in the twentieth century. The assembly line -- developed at the Ford Motor Company in 1913 for the mass production of Model Ts -- first created and then served an expanding mass market. It inspired fiction, paintings, photographs, comedy, cafeteria layouts, and cookie-cutter suburban housing. It also transformed industrial labor and provoked strikes and union drives. During World War II and the Cold War, it was often seen as a bastion of liberty and capitalism. By 1980, Japan had reinvented the assembly line as a system of "lean manufacturing"; American industry reluctantly adopted this new approach. Nye describes this evolution and the new global landscape of increasingly automated factories, with fewer industrial jobs in America and questionable working conditions in developing countries. A century after Ford's pioneering innovation, the assembly line continues to evolve toward more sustainable manufacturing.
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Jan. 28, 2022
非常值得推荐。对于工业大生产的剖析非常透,当然,正如书的主题所说,主要围绕福特制和汽车行业展开,我个人感觉其代表性足够了。从历史的角度看,美国式的大规模理性化流水线其实挺短命的──依赖于卖方市场和廉价能源,这两个条件成立的时间可以自己算算。一旦跳出耐用品市场,在消费品领域便竞争不过欧洲、日本以及后来的中国。至于为什么如此,书里还有详细描述。
职业社会学 历史 制造业 技术史 经济史
Tangled Hierarchies
Douban
Shedd; Shedd, Joseph B.; Bacharach, Samuel B. 1991 - 5
"Shedd and Bacharach provide new insights, practical perspectives, and a scholarly justification for changing the archaic structure of our schools and the management of the professionals working in them... This unusually significant book will remain important for a long time to come." -- James W. Guthrie , director of Policy Analysis for California Education, School of Education, University of California, Berkeley
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Feb. 2, 2022
在什么意义上教育研究者变成了完全的「职业」?也许抛弃那些来自学科的知识先辈就是一种表现。可以自己开处方,而毋须借助任何学科知识,以至于完全错过了新制度主义者们在80年代的喧嚣。这本书举出这样一则故事。
教师教育 职业社会学 美国 教育管理
Nemesis Games
Douban
★ 6.4 5 ratings
James S.A. Corey publishing house: Orbit 2015 - 6
The fifth novel in James S.A. Corey's New York Times bestselling Expanse series--now being produced for television by the SyFy Channel! A thousand worlds have opened, and the greatest land rush in human history has begun. As wave after wave of colonists leave, the power structures of the old solar system begin to buckle. Ships are disappearing without a trace. Private armies are being secretly formed. The sole remaining protomolecule sample is stolen. Terrorist attacks previously considered impossible bring the inner planets to their knees. The sins of the past are returning to exact a terrible price. And as a new human order is struggling to be born in blood and fire, James Holden and the crew of the Rocinante must struggle to survive and get back to the only home they have left.
The Second Industrial Divide
Douban
Michael Piore / Charles Sabel publishing house: Basic Books 1986 - 10
Two MacArthur Prize Fellows argue that to get out of its current economic crisis industry should abandon its attachment to standardized mass production for a system of flexible specialization.
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Feb. 19, 2022
相当超前的「修正史学」,核心是重讲了「资本主义大机器生产」的故事,揭示资本主义的多样性(VoC观点在多达程度上继承了他们?)。作者写到了很多的不同领域,但最吸引人的是讲工厂的生产方式(shop-floor regime),法国德国意大利日本,各个都不一样,美式的大流水线生产征服全世界只是一个myth。既不是新古典经济学,也不是马克思主义,更偏历史一点。很有启发。
资本主义 德国 意大利 法国 全球化
The Discovery of the Asylum
Douban
Rothman, David J. publishing house: Routledge 2002 - 11
This is a masterful effort to recognize and place the prison and asylums in their social contexts. Rothman shows that the complexity of their history can be unraveled and usefully interpreted. By identifying the salient influences that converged in the tumultuous 1820s and 1830s that led to a particular ideology in the development of prisons and asylums, Rothman provides a compelling argument that is historically informed and socially instructive. He weaves a comprehensive story that sets forth and portrays a series of interrelated events, influences, and circumstances that are shown to be connected to the development of prisons and asylums. Rothman demonstrates that meaningful historical interpretation must be based upon not one but a series of historical events and circumstances, their connections and ultimate consequences. Thus, the history of prisons and asylums in the youthful United States is revealed to be complex but not so complex that it cannot be disentangled, described, understood, and applied. This reissue of a classic study addresses a core concern of social historians and criminal justice professionals: Why in the early nineteenth century did a single generation of Americans resort for the first time to institutional care for its convicts, mentally ill, juvenile delinquents, orphans, and adult poor? Rothman's compelling analysis links this phenomenon to a desperate effort by democratic society to instill a new social order as it perceived the loosening of family, church, and community bonds. As debate persists on the wisdom and effectiveness of these inherited solutions. "The Discovery of the Asylum offers a fascinating reflection on our past as well as a source ofinspiration for a new century of students and professionals in criminal justice, corrections, social history, and law enforcement.
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March 10, 2022
一本历史社会学的佳作,讲述了疯人院(asylum)在十九世纪美国形成的过程。作为训诫、纠正社会底层的过失人士(delinquent,穷人疯子小偷小摸等等)的社会制度,如何在社会剧烈变动的背景下创造出了一种对身体、精神、行为的改造(correction)。即作为传统制(家庭、监狱)度反面,也是补充。尤其是秩序、纪律与服从。
历史社会学 十九世纪 社会制度 美国
Working Knowledge
Douban
Joel Isaac publishing house: Harvard University Press 2012 - 6
The human sciences in the English-speaking world have been in a state of crisis since the Second World War. The battle between champions of hard-core scientific standards and supporters of a more humanistic, interpretive approach has been fought to a stalemate. Joel Isaac seeks to throw these contemporary disputes into much-needed historical relief. In "Working Knowledge" he explores how influential thinkers in the twentieth century's middle decades understood the relations among science, knowledge, and the empirical study of human affairs. For a number of these thinkers, questions about what kinds of knowledge the human sciences could produce did not rest on grand ideological gestures toward "science" and "objectivity" but were linked to the ways in which knowledge was created and taught in laboratories and seminar rooms. Isaac places special emphasis on the practical, local manifestations of their complex theoretical ideas. In the case of Percy Williams Bridgman, Talcott Parsons, B. F. Skinner, W. V. O. Quine, and Thomas Kuhn, the institutional milieu in which they constructed their models of scientific practice was Harvard University. Isaac delineates the role the "Harvard complex" played in fostering connections between epistemological discourse and the practice of science. Operating alongside but apart from traditional departments were special seminars, interfaculty discussion groups, and non-professionalized societies and teaching programs that shaped thinking in sociology, psychology, anthropology, philosophy, science studies, and management science. In tracing this culture of inquiry in the human sciences, Isaac offers intellectual history at its most expansive.
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July 28, 2022
三星半,既是哈佛的制度史,也是二战以后社科人文挑战科学史的思想史。关注的是库恩这个现象的形成。
科学史 美国 历史
Seeing the World
Douban
Mitchell L. Stevens / Cynthia Miller-Idriss … publishing house: Princeton University Press 2018 - 2
An in-depth look at why American universities continue to favor U.S.-focused social science research despite efforts to make scholarship more cosmopolitan U.S. research universities have long endeavored to be cosmopolitan places, yet the disciplines of economics, political science, and sociology have remained stubbornly parochial. Despite decades of government and philanthropic investment in international scholarship, the most prestigious academic departments still favor research and expertise on the United States. Why? Seeing the World answers this question by examining university research centers that focus on the Middle East and related regional area studies. Drawing on candid interviews with scores of top scholars and university leaders to understand how international inquiry is perceived and valued inside the academy, Seeing the World explains how intense competition for tenure-line appointments encourages faculty to pursue “American” projects that are most likely to garner professional advancement. At the same time, constrained by tight budgets at home, university leaders eagerly court patrons and clients worldwide but have a hard time getting departmental faculty to join the program. Together these dynamics shape how scholarship about the rest of the world evolves. At once a work-and-occupations study of scholarly disciplines, an essay on the formal organization of knowledge, and an inquiry into the fate of area studies, Seeing the World is a must-read for anyone who cares about the future of knowledge in a global era.
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Oct. 4, 2022
一般般,数据很水。有意思的地方可能是1)描述Chaos of Discipline之外的non-departmental structure在大学内的发展(但其实这样也不需要数据,理论就行了);以及2)区域研究的特殊地位──后者可以算是这批数据的核心吧。这个历史研究还算可以,但也不够批判(作者没怎么分析区域研究和美国霸权之间的直接联系)。
教育社会学 美国 高等教育
Sixties Legacy
Douban
Neumann, Richard 2003
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Oct. 31, 2022
美国另类学校的历史。我一直对此类学校能否称为一场「运动」挺感兴趣的。这本书追溯从早期(1960)的humanistic-centered education 的中期以diversity, autonomy, choice为核心意识形态。80和90年代形成了school choice的基础。不是一个一贯致之的运动。松散。以和主流的「参照」作为定位自我的主要手段。数据质量一般般,分析也就凑合,该题材还有很多可以挖掘。
教育社会学 美国 历史
一个称作学校的地方
Douban
约翰·古得莱德 translator: 苏智欣 publishing house: 华东师范大学出版社 2006 - 2
西奥多·赛泽在《一个称作学校的地方》二十周年纪念版的序言里,简练精辟地评述了美国20世纪80年代初两项重大教育工程的性质。一项是全美优质教育委员会的报告,题为“处在危机中的国家”。这是专门回应当时“公众普遍的看法,认为我们的教育系统存在着严重的问题”。另一项则是:美国学校教育史上规模最大和最复杂的调查研究之一,即学校教育研究”,本书就是这一调研的综合报告。 《一个称作学校的地方》的研究和写作从20世纪70年代末延伸到80年代初。这是一个有深度、有收获、令人筋疲力尽的学习过程。成千上万的研究数据是从一批有代表性的美国中小学校收集上来的。在本书第一版的附录A里,我们列举了一系列的技术报告和其他原始资料,显示了这些数据的广泛性。列在附录B里的工作人员大多数是在采集数据的最后阶段雇用的半时工。因为纪念版需要给新序言和后序留出空间,所以删去了原版中的这两个附录,以及原版的序和其他的一些前面部分。原版里为27000人—那些为我们的调研提供了数据的学生、家长、教师及学校领导人—所致的献词仍保留在新版里。
Dismantling Desegregation
Douban
Gary Orfield / Susan E. Eaton publishing house: New Press 1997 - 9
Dismantling Desegregation explains the consequences of resegregation and offers direction for a more constructive route toward an equitable future. By citing case studies of ten school districts across the country, Orfield and Eaton uncover the demise of what many feel have been the only legally enforceable routes of access and opportunity for millions of school children in America.
心塵往事/THE CIDER HOUSE RULES
Douban
約翰.厄文 translator: 麥倩宜 publishing house: 圓神出版社 2000 - 9
為什麼這本厚達六百多頁的小說值得你一讀? 不只因為John Irving是當今美國文壇首屈一指的小說家,也不只因為日本的村上春樹、台灣的張大春都對他極度推崇,更不只因為這本曾榮登紐約時報暢銷書排行榜第一名的小說,在一九九九年,由Irving親自改編成同名電影劇本,並獲得奧斯卡金像獎最佳改編劇本獎;最重要的,這是一本風靡美國、歐洲、日本,許多讀者深深為之著迷與感動、精采好看又深刻動人的小說。 一個沒有子女的父親、與一個沒有父親的兒子的故事…… 在二十世紀前半的緬因州鄉間,一名因同情懷了孕卻無力扶養子女的婦女,而設立一所墮胎醫院與孤兒院的婦產科醫生--韋伯.勒奇,出於一種近似父親的情感,將他豐富的醫學知識與外科技術,傳授給他最鍾愛的孤兒荷馬。然而滿懷人道理想、早熟而善良的荷馬,卻不願繼承恩師的衣缽--為人墮胎,於是在一個偶然的機緣下,離開了孤兒院,前往嚮往中的天堂--觀海果園。 在那臨海的蘋果園中,荷馬不僅學習到經營果園的方法、看見了孤兒院之外的真實世界、體會到人生的悲苦與歡樂,也與好友的女友墜入情網,從此在道德與愛情之間徘徊掙扎。但冥冥之中,命運賦予他背負起恩師責任的使命,而經過人生歷練的荷馬,也終將追隨勒奇醫生的腳步,勇敢邁向未來…… 在Irving細膩與高明的生花妙筆下,書中每一個人物與場景都栩栩如生、躍然紙上。隨著故事的進展,你一定能深深感受到書中人物的喜怒哀樂,並為整部小說所瀰漫的那股淡淡的哀愁與希望深深吸引,久久不忍釋卷。此外,譯者流暢而生動的譯筆,更增添本書的可讀性。如此難得一見的好書,請一定不要錯過!
A Light in the Attic
Douban
Shel Silverstein publishing house: HarperCollins 1981 - 10
Last night while I lay thinking here Some Whatifs crawled inside my ear And pranced and partied all night long And sang their same old Whatif song: Whatif I flunk that test? Whatif green hair grows on my chest? Whatif nobody likes me? Whatif a bolt of lightning strikes me?... Here in the attic of Shel Silverstein you will find Backward Bill, Sour Face Ann, the Meehoo with an Exactlywatt, and the Polar Bear in the Frigidaire. You will talk with Broiled Face, and find out what happens when Somebody steals your knees, you get caught by the Quick-Digesting Gink, a Mountain snores, and They Put a Brassiere on the Camel. From the creator of the beloved poetry collections Where the Sidewalk Ends and Falling Up, here is another wondrous book of poems and drawings. Notable Children's Books of 1981 (ALA) Best Books of 1981 (SLJ) Children's Books of 1981 (Library of Congress) 1981 Children's Books (NY Public Library) 1981 USA Children's Books of International Interest Winner, 1983–84 William Allen White Award (Kansas) Winner, 1983 Garden State Children's Book Award (New Jersey Library Association) 1984 Garden State Children's Book Award for Non-Fiction (New Jersey Library Association) 1984 George C. Stone Center for Children's Books (Claremont, CA) "Recognition of Merit" Award