At the end of the 19th century, everyone knew that people were defined by their race and sex and were fated by birth and biology to be more or less intelligent, able, nurturing, or warlike. But one rogue researcher looked at the data and decided everyone was wrong. Franz Boas was the very image of a mad scientist: a wild-haired immigrant with a thick German accent. By the 1920s he was also the foundational thinker and public face of a new school of thought at Columbia University called cultural anthropology. He proposed that cultures did not exist on a continuum from primitive to advanced. Instead, every society solves the same basic problems--from childrearing to how to live well--with its own set of rules, beliefs, and taboos. Boas's students were some of the century's intellectual stars: Margaret Mead, the outspoken field researcher whose Coming of Age in Samoa is one of the most widely read works of social science of all time; Ruth Benedict, the great love of Mead's life, whose research shaped post-Second World War Japan; Ella Deloria, the Dakota Sioux activist who preserved the traditions of Native Americans of the Great Plains; and Zora Neale Hurston, whose studies under Boas fed directly into her now-classic novel, Their Eyes Were Watching God. Together, they mapped vanishing civilizations from the Arctic to the South Pacific and overturned the relationship between biology and behavior. Their work reshaped how we think of women and men, normalcy and deviance, and re-created our place in a world of many cultures and value systems. Gods of the Upper Air is a page-turning narrative of radical ideas and adventurous lives, a history rich in scandal, romance, and rivalry, and a genesis story of the fluid conceptions of identity that define our present moment.

《文化的解释》是格尔茨文化人类学研究论文的精选集。该书全面梳理了文化人类学研究领域里的误区，对文化的概念、文化与宗教以及文化与意识形态等的关系进行了详实的研究。所有的论文基本上都是通过从一个又一个案例中提出的一个个独特观点，来阐明什么是文化，文化在社会生活中扮演了什么样的角色，以及文化研究应该采取什么样的恰当方法等问题。 格尔茨在这部“不是理论探求而是经验研究”，因而也比较且易于普通读者理解的著作中，以颇具气势、激情、学识和智性的笔触，对将文化作为“文本”阅读的观念进行了通俗化，由此使人类学与文学理论、与现实生活的联系更为密切。

Vision is typically treated as the defining sense of the modern era and a powerful vehicle for colonial and postcolonial domination. This is in marked contrast to the almost total absence of accounts of hearing in larger cultural processes. Hearing Cultures is a timely examination of the elusive, often evocative, and sometimes cacophonous auditory sense - from the intersection of sound and modernity, through to the relationship between audio-technological advances and issues of personal and urban space. As cultures and communities grapple with the massive changes wrought by modernization and globalization, Hearing Cultures presents an important new approach to understanding our world. It answers such intriguing questions as: * Did people in Shakespeare's time hear differently from us? * In what way does technology affect our ears? * Why do people in Egypt increasingly listen to taped religious sermons? * Why did Enlightenment doctors believe that music was an essential cure? * What happens acoustically in cross-cultural first encounters?* Why do Runa Indians in the Amazon basin now consider onomatopoetic speech child's talk? The ear, as much as the eye, nose, mouth and hand, offers a way into experience. All five senses are instruments that record, interpret and engage with the world. This book shows how sound offers a refreshing new lens through which to examine culture and complex social issues.

In this groundbreaking book, renowned art historian Hans Belting proposes a new anthropological theory for interpreting human picture making. Rather than focus exclusively on pictures as they are embodied in various media such as painting, sculpture, or photography, he links pictures to our mental images and therefore our bodies. The body is understood as a "living medium" that produces, perceives, or remembers images that are different from the images we encounter through handmade or technical pictures. Refusing to reduce images to their material embodiment yet acknowledging the importance of the historical media in which images are manifested, "An Anthropology of Images" presents a challenging and provocative new account of what pictures are and how they function. The book demonstrates these ideas with a series of compelling case studies, ranging from Dante's picture theory to post-photography. One chapter explores the tension between image and medium in two "media of the body", the coat of arms and the portrait painting. Another, central chapter looks at the relationship between image and death, tracing picture production, including the first use of the mask, to early funerary rituals in which pictures served to represent the missing bodies of the dead. Pictures were tools to re-embody the deceased, to make them present again, a fact that offers a surprising clue to the riddle of presence and absence in most pictures and that reveals a genealogy of pictures obscured by Platonic picture theory.

随着现代化和全球化发展引致世界范围脆弱性的加重，灾难也从传统的自然灾害领域，延伸至科学技术领域，灾难研究也成为了人类学关注的焦点。人类学家对灾难研究的兴趣甚早，但长期以来局限于个案的探索，缺乏理论和方法论的系统思考，苏珊娜·M·霍夫曼和安东尼·奥利佛-史密斯从人类学对灾难的定义以及相关学术动态开始讨论，编选了数篇人类学视野下的灾难研究的前沿论文，包括墨西哥地震、安第斯与非洲的干旱、切诺尔贝利核泄漏、博帕尔杀虫剂厂毒气泄漏、埃尔克森·瓦尔迪邮轮溢油事件、大众传媒与人祸、灾难的文化象征等多个问题与事件，涉及了与历史、考古、生态、政治经济、物质和社会-文化联接的人类学灾难研究的理论与方法，对人类学灾难研究的贡献和对地方场景中救援与重建的潜在价值进行了深入讨论。

n a society that has seen epochal change over a few generations, what remains to hold people together and offer them a sense of continuity and meaning? In Songs for Dead Parents, Erik Mueggler shows how in contemporary China death and the practices surrounding it have become central to maintaining a connection with the world of ancestors, ghosts, and spirits that socialism explicitly disavowed. Drawing on more than twenty years of fieldwork in a mountain community in Yunnan Province, Songs for Dead Parents shows how people view the dead as both material and immaterial, as effigies replace corpses, tombstones replace effigies, and texts eventually replace tombstones in a long process of disentangling the dead from the shared world of matter and memory. It is through these processes that people envision the cosmological underpinnings of the world and assess the social relations that make up their community. Thus, state interventions aimed at reforming death practices have been deeply consequential, and Mueggler traces the transformations they have wrought and their lasting effects.

This new edition of Jerry D. Moore's Visions of Culture presents introductory anthropology students with a brief, readable, and balanced treatment of theoretical developments in the field. The key ideas of major theorists are briefly described and-unique to this textbook-linked to the biographical and fieldwork experiences that helped shape their theories. The impact of each scholar on contemporary anthropology is presented, along with numerous examples, quotes from the theorists' writings, and a description of the broader intellectual setting in which these anthropologists worked.

医学人类学根植于我们每个人的日常生活，贯穿生命历程生、老、病、死各个阶段，与每个人对自我、身体、生命、社会的认知息息相关。同时，它对医疗健康领域的知识生产同样重要。医学人类学对当代人类生命质量的由衷关怀和对不同文化的人文尊重，使其以独特的实践性（参与性）和极强的自我反思能力让当今医学更具有人文的温度。 本书共分为三大部分，其中第一部分是对于医学人类学和日常生活关联、重要概念和相关理论前沿的一些综述。第二部分聚焦于人类生育繁衍，向读者展现从人类学视角看科学技术在生殖领域的运用。第三部分分别探讨了对女性、老年人和精神疾病患者的照护问题。希以这本小书管窥医学人类学对西医“文化性” 和“地方性”的解构，从而深入地了解生物医学所处的社会背景，会用人文的眼光理解它、批判它和欣赏它。

编辑推荐 ★ 前彭博社驻上海记者，因《废物星球》而广受赞誉的作家亚当•明特又一力作 ★ 《书单》《出版人周刊》《自然》《科学》《图书馆杂志》等多家媒体重磅推荐 ★ 作者历时4年，横跨五洲四洋，用职业记者的敏锐视角，通过生动的故事、触目惊心的数据全方位讲述全球旧货市场现状 ★ 当你把不要的东西放在二手商店，它们会去哪儿？当你离开这个世界，你留下的东西会经历什么？我们为什么要持续不断地买买买？如何构建一个没有冗余的未来？深刻拷问现代消费型社会主导下人的购买欲望 ★ 囤积狂、二手物品爱好者、环保主义者必读 ---------------------------- 当你把一盒不要的东西扔在当地的旧货店时，这些东西的去向如何？ 本书作者亚当·明特横跨五洲四洋，对全球知名回收公司与旧货市场进行了田野考察式的跟踪采访，探寻二手商品的前世今生，为读者描绘了一幅二手世界的宏观图景。 跟随作者的足迹，我们将认识形形色色的二手回收机构、个体与理念，从美国古德维尔旧货店到非洲加纳的阿博布罗西，从日本整理大师近藤麻理惠的“怦然心动”整理法到BOOKOFF的“让旧书在书架上重获新生”的服务理念，从马来西亚阿马广场上的跳蚤市场摊贩再到星牌抹布厂的威尔森，涉及形形色色的二手贸易从业者和令人感慨抑或震撼的精彩故事。 我们还会发现那些被我们捐给慈善机构或者卖去二手店的东西，很可能穿越整个国家，甚至半个地球，来到地球的另一端，来到渴望这些东西的地方和人们的手中。即使在这个重视崭新、闪亮的物品的时代，二手物品依然占有一席之地，它为我们带来娱乐，帮助我们创造财富，满足我们的需求，并且改变着我们的生活和工作的方式。

哈里森是西方神话学史上剑桥学派的代表人物，她提出的“神话——仪式”学说主要关注对于古希腊艺术和神话的宗教与民俗渊源的探索，认为所有的神话都源于对民俗仪式的叙述和解释；而原始仪式在褪却了巫术的魔力和宗教的庄严之后，就演变为戏剧。

In Between Gaia and Ground Elizabeth A. Povinelli theorizes the climatic, environmental, viral, and social catastrophe present as an ancestral catastrophe that Indigenous and colonized peoples have been suffering through for centuries. In this way, the violence and philosophies the West relies on now threatens the West itself. Engaging with the work of Glissant, Deleuze and Guattari, Césaire, and Arendt, Povinelli highlights four axioms of existence—the entanglement of existence, the unequal distribution of power, the collapse of the event as essential to political thought, and the legacies of racial and colonial histories. She traces these axioms' inspiration in anticolonial struggles against the dispossession and extraction that have ruined the lived conditions for many on the planet. By examining the dynamic and unfolding forms of late liberal violence, Povinelli attends to a vital set of questions about changing environmental conditions, the legacies of violence, and the limits of inherited western social theory. Between Gaia and Ground also includes a glossary of the keywords and concepts that Povinelli has developed throughout her work.

In A Mass Conspiracy to Feed People, David Boarder Giles explores the ways in which capitalism simultaneously manufactures waste and scarcity. Illustrating how communities of marginalized people and discarded things gather and cultivate political possibilities, Giles documents the work of Food Not Bombs (FNB), a global movement of grassroots soup kitchens that recover wasted grocery surpluses and redistribute them to those in need. He explores FNB's urban contexts: the global cities in which late-capitalist economies and unsustainable consumption precipitate excess, inequality, food waste, and hunger. Beginning in urban dumpsters, Giles traces the logic by which perfectly edible commodities are nonetheless thrown out—an act that manufactures food scarcity—to the social order of “world-class” cities, the pathways of discarded food as it circulates through the FNB kitchen, and the anticapitalist political movements the kitchen represents. Describing the mutual entanglement of global capitalism and anticapitalist transgression, Giles captures those emergent forms of generosity, solidarity, and resistance that spring from the global city's marginalized residents.

A searching account of nineteenth-century salvage anthropology, an effort to preserve the culture of “vanishing” Indigenous peoples through dispossession of the very communities it was meant to protect. In the late nineteenth century, anthropologists, linguists, archaeologists, and other chroniclers began amassing Indigenous cultural objects—crafts, clothing, images, song recordings—by the millions. Convinced that Indigenous peoples were doomed to disappear, collectors donated these objects to museums and universities that would preserve and exhibit them. Samuel Redman dives into the archive to understand what the collectors deemed the tradition of the “vanishing Indian” and what we can learn from the complex legacy of salvage anthropology. The salvage catalog betrays a vision of Native cultures clouded by racist assumptions—a vision that had lasting consequences. The collecting practice became an engine of the American museum and significantly shaped public education and preservation, as well as popular ideas about Indigenous cultures. Prophets and Ghosts teases out the moral challenges inherent in the salvage project. Preservationists successfully maintained an important human inheritance, sometimes through collaboration with Indigenous people, but collectors’ methods also included outright theft. The resulting portrait of Indigenous culture reinforced the public’s confidence in the hierarchies of superiority and inferiority invented by “scientific” racism. Today the same salvaged objects are sources of invaluable knowledge for researchers and museum visitors. But the question of what should be done with such collections is nonetheless urgent. Redman interviews Indigenous artists and curators, who offer fresh perspectives on the history and impact of cultural salvage, pointing to new ideas on how we might contend with a challenging inheritance.

From an award-winning anthropologist, a lively, accessible, and at times irreverent introduction to the subject What is anthropology? What can it tell us about the world? Why, in short, does it matter? For well over a century, cultural anthropologists have circled the globe, from Papua New Guinea to suburban England and from China to California, uncovering surprising facts and insights about how humans organize their lives and articulate their values. In the process, anthropology has done more than any other discipline to reveal what culture means--and why it matters. By weaving together examples and theories from around the world, Matthew Engelke provides a lively, accessible, and at times irreverent introduction to anthropology, covering a wide range of classic and contemporary approaches, subjects, and practitioners. Presenting a set of memorable cases, he encourages readers to think deeply about some of the key concepts with which anthropology tries to make sense of the world―from culture and nature to authority and blood. Along the way, he shows why anthropology matters: not only because it helps us understand other cultures and points of view but also because, in the process, it reveals something about ourselves and our own cultures, too.

Death in the United States is undergoing a quiet revolution. You can have your body frozen, dissected, composted, dissolved, or tanned. Your family can incorporate your remains into jewelry, shotgun shells, paperweights, and artwork. Cremations have more than doubled, and DIY home funerals and green burials are on the rise. American Afterlives is Shannon Lee Dawdy’s lyrical and compassionate account of changing death practices in America as people face their own mortality and search for a different kind of afterlife. As an anthropologist and archaeologist, Dawdy knows that how a society treats its dead yields powerful clues about its beliefs and values. As someone who has experienced loss herself, she knows there is no way to tell this story without also reexamining her own views about death and dying. In this meditative and gently humorous book, Dawdy embarks on a transformative journey across the United States, talking to funeral directors, death-care entrepreneurs, designers, cemetery owners, death doulas, and ordinary people from all walks of life. What she discovers is that, by reinventing death, Americans are reworking their ideas about personhood, ritual, and connection across generations. She also confronts the seeming contradiction that American death is becoming at the same time more materialistic and more spiritual. Written in conjunction with a documentary film project, American Afterlives features images by cinematographer Daniel Zox that provide their own testament to our rapidly changing attitudes toward death and the afterlife.

从古至今，死亡一直笼罩着每一个人。不同的文化中，都有关于死亡的解释和丧葬的规定，身处其中的人们又是如何面对现代化和城市化的环境？不同的社会团体和国家机关又是如何运用新方法来管理和应对跨越时代和地区的变化？上海开埠以后，人口激增，几次战争带来了大量人口涌入租界，为租界的丧葬管理带来难题。中西文化差异导致的民族冲突时有发生，但西方的死亡文化也同时影响了上海，甚至日后中国各地城市，成为社会变革的一部分。本书论述了近现代上海城市中死亡文化的变迁，提供了解读现代中国社会的一个重要角度，并引导读者重新思考这一动荡岁月中，中国人与死亡的关系。

凭借近二十年的深入田野工作和人类学家的辛辣眼光，作者一层层地呈现了博彩行业、赌博者个体和现代社会基本理念的全景： ·赌博业为不断盈利并掌控消费者，精益求精地研究方方面面细节：机器算法、道路形制、室内灯光、屏幕角度、取款手段、会员追踪技术乃至急救措施…… ·背负着生活压力、身心病痛、情感变故的赌博者，为何又如何一步步深陷赌博机营造的迷幻境地不可自拔，哪怕他们就是赌场雇员甚至赌博机设计师； ·一个个原子化现代个体在“全权为自己负责”的无尽重压下，面对购物、运动、聊天、刷剧、烟酒、药物、加班等万事万物时，都可能无力抵抗诱惑，而戒赌的方法和陷入赌瘾的途径，乃是同一条路……

媲美《教父》的波谲云诡，匹敌《毒枭》的冷血黑暗 一个绝望的父亲转眼成为叱咤巴西的毒枭，一个政府、警察、毒贩三方争斗的地下世界 深入南美洲超大型贫民窟罗西尼亚，窥见毒品经济与黑帮的幕后秘辛 「编辑推荐」 ★ 亲访巴西传奇毒枭，见证一个女儿罹患绝症、走投无路的父亲走上了犯罪之途，最后成为全巴西人民的“头号公敌”的历程。透过他的腾飞和幻灭，一窥普通人如何在贫穷、暴力、腐败和充满恶意的世界中挣扎求生。 ★ 揭露巴西如何深受暴力凶杀与毒品滥用问题腐蚀一——武装贩毒集团控制着这个国家的底层民众，可卡因成为这个国家的经济命脉，最后政府与黑帮的暴力博弈给这个国家带来了无尽的死亡与伤痛。 ★ 里约热内卢，一个光与暗并存的城市，贫穷与富裕只有数米之隔。在底层挣扎的居民靠着毒品致富，最后却深陷由黑帮无尽的暴力、贪婪以及政治阴谋、腐败织就的巨网中。 ★ 深入罗西尼亚，南美洲超大型贫民窟，揭开深究卢拉和卡多佐鼓吹的经济奇迹与禁毒战争背后的血腥真相，揭示巴西数十年来的政治经济变迁，以及全球毒品经济运作内幕与武装贩毒集团的秘辛。 「内容简介」 里约热内卢，一座被上帝眷顾，也被魔鬼诅咒的城市。这里有着最美丽的海岸线，岸边伫立着富丽堂皇的酒店和高楼，招待着来自世界各地的游客。这里也有着最肮脏的贫民窟，它们扎眼地挺立在市中心的小山坡上，没有自来水，没有稳定供电，人们居住在火柴盒一样的拥挤住宅里，时刻面临着枪战、毒品和死亡的威胁，深陷暴力、贫富差距、政治腐败织就的巨网中。 内姆，南美洲最大的贫民窟罗西尼亚的“掌权者”，也是全巴西最想逮捕的头号毒枭。在女儿患上绝症、不得不向黑帮俯首求助之前，他曾是一名普通的父亲和上班族。一场变故改变了他本该平静的人生，将他卷入了毒品、暴力、贫穷和腐败的旋涡之中。这是关于内姆和罗西尼亚贫民窟的故事，也是里约热内卢这座“上帝之城”和毒品地下经济的故事，更是关于巴西数十年间的政治、经济和社会变迁的记录，而书中人物所面对的不平等处境和艰难抉择，则关乎我们每一个人。 精妙绝伦！……这部史诗般的作品细致入微地讲述了一个贫民窟之子如何崛起，成为一个帝国的帝王。格兰尼完成得相当好，他向我们解释了里约毒品世界的背景，以及人们为了遏制和“和谐”掉这一切所展开的斗争。这本书不仅研究了毒王以及他如何掌管手下的贩毒集团，还描述了里约这座城市。这座城市充满了来自巴西贫困地区的新移民，这些不幸的人最终聚集在一起，蜗居在缺水、少电，以及工作机会（这点最为关键）的贫民窟之中……格兰尼没有试着美化内姆（本书主人公，贫民窟毒王），也没有费尽心思地为他那暴力的事业展开辩护，他让这个扁平化的角色变得生动近人。他向我们展示了里约的财富——更不用提它在世界舞台上的声誉——同这座城中最为贫穷、最为边缘的公民做好事情的能力是脱不开干系的。 ——《西雅图时报》 阅读本书就如同和斯金格·贝尔（《火线》中的角色，毒枭）一起在巴尔的摩的黑帮世界漫步。大多数作品在描述真实犯罪时都把重点放在追车和枪战上，而不是分析。格兰尼颠覆了这一写作套路。他用更为沉静的声音，尽己所能地向我们解释了为何警察不能直接冲进贫民窟逮捕毒枭和那些望风小弟，以及一个怀抱病婴、聪明的巴西年轻人如何把自己变成了一个“犯罪大王”。 ——《纽约时报书评》 这本书的主旨是让人们了解这些贫民窟的生活状况，它们存在于巴西的每个大城市的边缘，但是在里约则格外显眼和重要。里约有一千多个贫民窟，你可以从上面俯瞰伊帕内马、科帕卡瓦纳等其他优雅的街区。为了讲好这个极其复杂的故事，格兰尼把自己的注意力全部放在了内姆身上。多年以来，他一直是罗西尼亚的毒王，这个贫民窟是里约最大的贫民窟，居民数高达15万人……格兰尼把80年代及其之后发生的事视为一场“里约之战”，这是正确的。他显然同情那些身处困境的贫民窟居民——他们被夹在毒品团伙和警察之间。他甚至还描绘了和内姆商讨投降事宜的警察，提供了非常人性化的细节。对于想了解贫民窟的人来说，《里约折叠》是一部具有可读性的有用介绍。 ——《纽约书评》 1999年，毫无犯罪背景的安东尼奥·弗朗西斯科·邦芬·洛佩斯是一个普通居民，还试着想办法在里约最大的贫民窟养家糊口。不到六年，他就成了人们口中的“内姆”，成为统治着罗西尼亚大型犯罪组织的负责人。内姆的生平故事是这本书的粘合剂，在本书之中，记者格兰尼成功地探索了里约热内卢的历史，重点介绍了自60年代以来发生在里约贫民窟的暴力、毒品贸易、政治、警察部队和与之相关的腐败……格兰尼的写作风格做到了一边推进故事，一边让读者意犹未尽。 ——《图书馆杂志》 这是一本不偏不倚，但最终还是展现出同情的传记，主人公是一个地方贩毒集团的领导人。内姆的生平是对巴西当时的经济和政治制度的深度报道——特别是关于罗西尼亚这个基本靠自治的城市社区，以及当政府试图破坏、清剿和以其他方式侵犯这里的自治权时会产生怎样的后果。 ——《洛杉矶时报》 他的名字叫安东尼奥·弗朗西斯科·邦芬·洛佩斯，但是你可以叫他“内姆”，其他人都是这么叫他的。他是里约最大的贫民窟罗西尼亚的掌门人，也是米沙·格兰尼这本内容深刻、阐释透彻的书的主人公。尽管这本书讲述的故事很肮脏，但它有着优秀的叙事技巧，是一部非常有力的新闻作品。 ——《基督教科学箴言报》

圣杯与剑，ISBN：9787509705872，作者：（美）艾斯勒 著，程志民 译

Medicine as Culture is unlike any other sociological text on health and medicine. For many lecturers and students the book has become a classic text, which combines perspectives drawn from a wide variety of disciplines including sociology, anthropology, social history and cultural studies. The aim of the book is to tease out how medicine and health care are sociocultural constructions, ranging from mass media and high cultural representations of illness, disease and health care workers to the power dynamics of the doctor-patient relationship. For its 3rd edition, Medicine as Culture has been updated to cover new and emerging areas of interest including : " The role of computerized communication technologies in providing access to medical information and support for patients; " New medical technologies and how they contribute to people's understandings of their bodies and selfhood; " How bioethical issues and dilemmas are negotiated in clinical settings; " The changing role of nurses in healthcare provision; " New research in neuroscience on the plasticity of the brain and the notion of 'brain types' and how this research contributes to novel understandings of the brain in lay and medical cultures. Contextualising introductions and discussion points in every chapter make Medicine as Culture, 3rd edtiion a rigorous yet accessible text for students studying socio-cultural perspectives on health and medicine.